摘要
生活满意度一般是由李克特量表测算得到的序数数据构成,反映了个体对幸福感的主观评价,是基于理想和现实状况比较后的综合度量。现考虑在基数变量优势分析和指数测算的基础上调整修改,创新性地运用序数数据优势分析和序数数据指数测算方法刻画中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)中个体婚育状态与生活满意度的分布特征,比较生育政策调整前后不同婚育状态下个体生活满意度在总体、性别间和孩次间的差异,分析其极化和不均衡状况。进一步,选取15~49岁育龄妇女作为生育主体,在关注年龄别育龄妇女生活满意度分布差异的同时,结合城乡、区域和受教育水平等育龄特征进行异质性分析,探究如何针对性地提升个体生活满意度以达到改善生育水平现状的目的。研究结果表明:生育政策调整后,总体满意度提升且极化和不均衡状况有所缓解;已婚二孩个体生活满意度最高,女性生活满意度高于男性;离异丧偶人群满意度差异较大,单身未婚女性和已婚男性满意度最为均衡,孩次由1孩变为2孩的满意度不均衡状况的缓解程度最大,年纪较轻的育龄人群缓解程度较大;育龄人群极化和不均衡状况与城乡发展、地区发展水平和受教育水平成反比。未来应继续加强社会福利体系建设,切实提高个体生活满意度进而提升社会整体生育意愿和生育水平。
Life satisfaction is generally measured by a Likert scale designed for questionnaires.Satisfaction is mainly composed of ordinal data,which is used to reflect respondents’subjective evaluation of their own well-being,and is a comprehensive measure based on the comparison of ideal life and real situation.At this stage,consider adjusting and modifying the advantage analysis and index measurement on the basis of base variables(such as continuous data related to income and wealth),and innovating the use of ordinal data(such as life satisfaction,happiness,health satisfaction and other discontinuous data related to spiritual aspects)and ordinal data index measurement methods.By portraying the distribution characteristics of respondents’relevant marriage and childbearing status and life satisfaction in the micro database of the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS).Comparing the differences in life satisfaction between respondents with marriage and childbearing statuses of single and unmarried,married and divorced and widowed before and after the adjustment of the fertility policy in the whole,male and female genders,and different numbers of children,the polarization and imbalance of the corresponding population characteristics are analyzed.Further,select women of childbearing age between 15 and 49 years old as the main childbearing population,focus on the differences in the distribution,polarisation and imbalance of life satisfaction among women of childbearing age in different age groups,and analyse the heterogeneity of childbearing age in relation to the characteristics of urban and rural areas,the four major regions(eastern,central,western and northeastern regions),and the level of education(primary school and below,secondary school and university and above),and explore ways to improve the quality of life of women of childbearing age.The study also examines how to improve the respondents’life satisfaction in order to improve the current fertility level.The results show that:since the adjustment of the fertility pol
作者
阮敬
霍青青
王继田
RUAN Jing;HUO Qingqing;WANG Jitian(School of Data Science,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing 100070,China;School of Statistics,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing 100070,China)
出处
《统计与信息论坛》
北大核心
2024年第7期97-111,共15页
Journal of Statistics and Information
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“共享发展推动共同富裕的理论、测度方法与治理体系研究”(22BTJ036)
北京市社会科学基金规划重点项目“共享发展促进北京中等收入群体提质扩容研究”(23JJA004)。
关键词
生育政策
婚育状态
生活满意度
序数数据
生育意愿
fertility policy
marital status
life satisfaction
ordinal data
fertility desire
