摘要
【目的】从森林垂直分层视角调查云南省龙陵小黑山省级自然保护区大雪山片区的鸟兽多样性,分析林冠层与地面层的鸟兽群落组成,探讨林冠层与地面层结合的红外相机监测方法的应用。【方法】2021年11月至2022年7月,将40台红外相机安装在林冠层(23台)与地面层(17台),监测大雪山片区(海拔2000~3000 m)的鸟兽多样性。【结果】共监测到42种鸟兽,包括20种鸟类(隶属4目12科)和22种兽类(隶属5目12科)。所有相机拍摄到的相对丰富度指数(relative abundance index,RAI)较高的鸟类依次为白鹇(Lophura nycthemera,RAI=1.121)和蓝眉林鸲(Tarsiger rufilatus,1.007),RAI较高的兽类依次为中缅灰叶猴(Trachypithecus melamera,12.873)、帚尾豪猪(Atherurus macrourus,7.212)、云南鼯鼠(Petaurista yunnanensis,5.605)、赤腹松鼠(Callosciurus erythraeus,3.570)、珀氏长吻松鼠(Dremomys pernyi,2.282)、赤麂(Muntiacus vaginalis,1.974)、毛耳飞鼠(Belomys pearsonii,1.460)、红面猴(Macaca arctoides,1.430)。调查记录到1种国家一级重点保护野生动物,即中缅灰叶猴;16种国家二级重点保护野生动物,如鹰雕(Nisaetus nipalensis)、灰林鸮(Strix nivicolum)、白鹇、红面猴、熊猴(M.assamensis)和亚洲黑熊(Ursus thibetanus)等。林冠层拍摄到23个物种(鸟类5、兽类18),地面层拍摄到36个物种(鸟类18、兽类18),t检验结果表明林冠层和地面层拍摄到的鸟兽物种数差异显著(P=0.006),但拍摄鸟兽独立照片数无显著差异(P=0.910)。林冠层与地面层调查的鸟类群落Jaccard相似度指数为0.15,为极不相似;林冠层与地面层的兽类群落Jaccard相似度指数为0.61,为中等相似。中缅灰叶猴(RAI=11.745)是林冠层相对丰富度最高的物种,明显高于地面拍摄(RAI=1.128);地面层相对丰富度最高的物种为帚尾豪猪(7.212)。【结论】大雪山片区有较高的鸟兽多样性,与高黎贡山国家级自然保护区南段的多样性水平相似。中缅灰叶猴�
【Objective】This study aims to investigate the biodiversity of birds and animals in the Daxueshan area of the Xiaoheishan Provincial Nature Reserve in Yunnan Province,from the perspective of vertical layers in forest.It analyzed the community composition of birds and animals in the forest canopy layer and ground layer and explored the application of the camera trap combining the canopy and ground layers.【Methods】From November 2021 to July 2022,a total of 40 camera traps were placed at both forest canopy layer(23)and ground layer(17)to monitor bird and animal diversity within the elevation range of 2000~3000 m.【Results】A total of 42 species of birds and mammals were recorded,including 20 birds(belonging to 4 orders and 12 families)and 22 mammals(belonging to 5 orders and 12 families).The birds with higher relative abundance index(RAI)from all camera traps were Lophura nycthemera(RAI=1.121)and Tarsiger rufilatus(1.007),and the animals with higher RAI were Trachypithecus melamera(12.873),Atherurus macrourus(7.212),Petaurista yunnanensis(5.605),Callosciurus erythraeus(3.570),Dremomys pernyi(2.282),Muntiacus vaginalis(1.974),Belomys pearsonii(1.460),and Macaca arctoides(1.430).The survey recorded one national first-class protected wild animal(T.melamera)and 16 national second-class protected wild animals,such as the Nisaetus nipalensis,Strix nivicolum,L.nycthemera,M.arctoides,M.assamensis,and Ursus thibetanus.The canopy layer captured 23 species(5 birds and 18 mammals),while the ground layer captured 36 species(18 birds and 18 mammals).t-test results showed a significant difference in the number of bird and mammal species captured between the canopy and ground layers(P=0.006),but no significant difference in the independent photos of birds and mammals(P=0.910).The Jaccard similarity index for bird communities between the canopy and ground layers was 0.15,indicating very low similarity;for mammal communities,it was 0.61,indicating moderate similarity.The T.melamera had the highest RAI among all species in th
作者
胡兴润
房以好
雷银
李延鹏
曾智
李军杰
赵锐
孙兴旭
谭坤
Hu Xingrun;Fang Yihao;Lei Yin;Li Yanpeng;Zeng Zhi;Li Junjie;Zhao Rui;Sun Xingxu;Tan Kun(Administration of Longling Xiaoheishan Provincial Nature Reserve,Baoshan 678300,China;Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research,Dali University,Dali 671003,China;International Centre of Biodiversity and Primates Conservation,Dali University,Dali 671003,China;The Provincial Innovation Team of Biodiversity Conservation and Utility of the Three Parallel Rivers Region from Dali University,Dali 671003,China;MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering,National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary,School of Life Sciences,Fudan University,Shanghai 200438,China)
出处
《陆地生态系统与保护学报》
2024年第2期78-89,共12页
Terrestrial Ecosystem and Conservation
基金
云南省科技厅科技人才与平台计划项目(202205AM070007)。
关键词
小黑山省级自然保护区
大雪山片区
鸟兽多样性
红外相机
林冠
地面
Xiaoheishan Provincial Nature Reserve
Daxueshan area
biodiversity of birds and mammals
camera-trapping
canopy
ground
