摘要
目的了解上海市中小学生常见病共患现状及相关因素,为改善致病环境和预防多病共患发生提供参考依据。方法于2021年9—11月采用分层整群抽样的方法,在上海市16个区的每区抽取2所小学、2所初中、2所高中和1所职高,共112所学校的30331名中小学生,对其健康状况和相关因素进行调查分析。结果上海市中小学生筛查性近视、超重肥胖、血压偏高、脊柱弯曲异常等2种及以上常见病共患检出率为38.91%,其中29.64%的中小学生同时存在2种疾病,9.19%存在3种疾病,0.09%存在4种疾病。共患检出率男生(44.12%)高于女生(33.40%),初中生(40.40%)高于高中生(38.58%)和小学生(38.01%),差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为366.44,50.33,P值均<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,女生、有时会监督自己和时常会提醒自己的坐姿和站姿与中小学生常见病共患均呈负相关(OR值分别为0.64,0.93,0.90);初中、每天看电视≥1 h、每天用电脑≥1 h、每天用移动电子设备≥1 h与中小学生常见病共患均呈正相关(OR值分别为1.07,1.10,1.06,1.10)(P值均<0.05)。结论上海市中小学生常见病共患检出率情况不容乐观,常见病共患与多种外部环境因素综合作用有关。应采取针对性的干预措施,有效预防学生觉病共患的发生。
Objective To understand the current status and associated factors of comorbidity of common illnesses among primary and middle school students in Shanghai,so as to provide a reference for improving the pathogenic environment and preventing the occurrence of comorbidity of common illnesses.Methods From September to November 2021,a stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 30331 middle school students from 112 schools in 16 districts of Shanghai,each with 2 primary schools,2 junior high schools,2 high schools and 1 vocational high school.Elementary school students,their health status and influencing factor questionnaires were analyzed.Results The detection rate of two or more common diseases such as myopia,overweight and obesity,high blood pressure,and abnormal spinal curvature among primary and secondary school students in Shanghai was 38.91%,of which 29.64%of primary and secondary school students had two diseases at the same time,and 9.19%had three diseases,0.09%had 4 diseases.The detection rate of comorbidity was higher in boys(44.12%)than in girls(33.40%),and higher in junior high school students(40.40%)than in high school students(38.58%)and primary school students(38.01%).The differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=366.44,50.33,P<0.01).Multi-factor Logistic regression analysis showed that girls sometimes supervise themselves and often remind themselves that their sitting and standing postures were negatively correlated with the common comorbidities of primary and secondary school students(OR=0.64,0.93,0.90);junior middle school students and watching TV/d≥1 h,using computers for≥1 h/d,and using mobile electronic devices for>1 h/d were positively correlated with the comorbidity of common diseases among primary and secondary school students(OR=1.07,1.10,1.06,1.10)(P<0.05).Conclusions The prevalence of comorbidity of common illnesses among primary and middle school students in Shanghai is not optimistic,which might be associated with combined effects of various external environmental fact
作者
黄生垒
张凤云
曲爽笑
齐文娟
黄雨婷
杨妍婷
杨东玲
罗春燕
HUANG Shenglei;ZHANG Fengyun;QU Shuangxiao;QI Wenjuan;HUANG Yuting;YANG Yanting;YANG Dongling;LUO Chunyan(Department of Children and Adolescent Health,Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai(200336),China)
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第5期635-639,共5页
Chinese Journal of School Health
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(22TYB01870)。
关键词
疾病
共病现象
患病率
回归分析
学生
Disease
Comorbidity
Prevalence
Regression analysis
Students
