摘要
为了分析健康鹅消化道菌群和鹅舍地表及笼具表面环境菌群组成和多样性特征,本试验以健康成年太湖鹅为研究对象,采集肌胃、腺胃、十二指肠、空肠、回肠、盲肠内容物,并无菌收集鹅粪便以及鹅舍环境样本,提取其细菌基因组,利用IonS5TMXL平台进行高通量测序,分析鹅消化道和鹅舍环境菌群丰度与结构特征。结果表明,鹅腺胃内容物菌群物种丰度较高,显著高于空肠、回肠、盲肠菌群(P<0.05);盲肠菌群多样性最高,其Shannon值显著高于十二指肠、空肠和回肠(P<0.05),大于肌胃、腺胃菌群,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。鹅舍环境菌群α多样性各指标中,除Simpson值显著高于回肠外(P<0.05),其它指标与消化道各段无差异显著性(P>0.05)。β多样性比较发现,鹅十二指肠、空肠和回肠内容物菌群结构较为相似,盲肠和粪便菌群遗传距离和组成距离较近,肌胃、腺胃及鹅舍环境菌群结构相似。鹅消化道各段内容物中定植了不同的绝对优势微生物物种且丰度差异较大,健康肌胃、腺胃、小肠段(十二指肠、空肠和回肠)内容物中绝对优势菌门(相对丰度大于5.00%)为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria),其中十二指肠中绝对优势菌门还包括弯曲菌门(Campilobacterota);盲肠绝对优势菌门为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes);而鹅舍环境中绝对优势菌门为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria)。相似地,优势菌属的分布也存在消化道空间差异,其中拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)是盲肠中绝对优势菌属(25.81%)。总的来说,鹅消化道段空间显著影响内容物中菌群丰度与多样性,而鹅舍环境菌群与消化道各段菌群多样性差异较小,不同消化道段内定植了不同的绝对优势微生物物种。
To analyze the composition and diversity characteristics of the gut microbiota of healthy geese and the surface environmental microbiota of goose house,this experiment used healthy adult Taihu geese as the research subjects.Gizzard,proventriculus,duodenum,jejunum,ileum,and cecum contents were collected,and feces from geese and environmental samples were aseptically collected.Bacterial genomes were extracted,and high-throughput sequencing was performed using the IonS5TMXL platform to analyze the abundance and structural characteristics of the gut microbiota of geese and the environmental microbiota of goose houses.The results showed that the species richness of the proventriculus content microbiota was relatively high,significantly higher than the microbiota of the jejunum,ileum,and cecum(P<0.05).The cecum microbiota exhibited the highest diversity,with its Shannon value significantly higher than that of the duodenum,jejunum,and ileum(P<0.05),greater than that of the gizzard and proventriculus microbiota,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).In terms ofα-diversity indicators of the environmental microbiota in goose houses,except for the Simpson value being significantly higher than that of the ileum(P<0.05),the other indicators did not show significant differences compared to the various segments of the digestive tract(P>0.05).βdiversity comparisons revealed that the microbiota structures of the duodenum,jejunum,and ileum contents of geese were relatively similar,while the cecum and fecal microbiota had closer genetic and compositional distances.The microbiota structures of the gizzard,proventriculus,and goose house environment were similar.Different absolute dominant microbial species were found in the contents of various segments of the goose digestive tract,with significant differences in abundance.The absolute dominant phyla(relative abundance greater than 5.00%)in the healthy gizzard,proventriculus,and small intestine segments(duodenum,jejunum,and ileum)contents were Firmicutes,Cyanobacteria,and Pr
作者
朱春红
刘宏祥
陶志云
宋卫涛
章双杰
徐文娟
王志成
李慧芳
ZHU Chunhong;LIU Hongxiang;TAO Zhiyun;SONG Weitao;ZHANG Shuangjie;XU Wenjuan;WANG Zhicheng;LI Huifang(Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225125,China)
出处
《家畜生态学报》
北大核心
2024年第6期20-28,共9页
Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology
基金
江苏省种业揭榜挂帅项目(JBGS[2021]111,JBGS[2021]030)
江苏现代农业(水禽)产业技术体系(JATS[2022]404)。
关键词
太湖鹅
16S
rRNA测序
消化道
鹅舍环境
菌群
Taihu geese
16S rRNA sequencing
gastrointestine
environment of geese house
microbiota
