摘要
脱落酸(ABA)和赤霉素(GA)是影响作物后熟作用和休眠的两大主要植物激素。以吉花25为试验材料,采用随机区组试验,以空白处理为对照(CK),分别设置ABA、GA以及两者不同浓度比的混合溶液共5个处理:A(0.1 mmol/L ABA)、G(0.2 mmol/L GA)、AGⅠ(ABA:GA=1:1)、AGⅡ(ABA:GA=2:1)、AGⅢ(ABA:GA=1:2),研究不同处理对植株性状、干物质积累、光合作用、生理生化指标、不同收获时期产量和品质的影响,同时比较不同收获时间花生种子的萌发特性,筛选促进花生生长及花生种子后熟的最适方案。结果表明,与CK相比,GA单施处理均能增加花生结荚期前的主茎高、侧枝长、叶面积、干物质积累量及光合速率,除ABA单施处理对叶面积具有增加作用外,ABA单施及二者不同比例混施处理均对其他农艺性状及光合速率无显著影响。各处理下花生叶片抗氧化酶活性表现趋势不同,但GA单施处理能够增加叶片抗氧化酶活性,降低MDA含量。与CK相比,无论是否提前收获,GA单施处理均能增加三个不同收获时间的花生产量,提高籽仁品质,产量增加幅度分别为9.20%、5.18%和16.83%。GA单施处理下三个不同收获时间的种子发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数均高于对照。由此表明,0.2 mmol/L GA单施处理是最佳激素施用方案,能促进花生前期生长发育,影响花生体内各时期抗氧化酶活性,促使其成熟,提高花生产量及品质。单施GA能在早收的情况下保证种子发芽率和活力,加快花生种子的后熟进程。
Abscisic acid(ABA)and gibberellin(GA)are two major plant hormones that affect crop post-ripening and dormancy.With peanut variety Jihua25 as the experimental material,a randomized block experiment was conducted,and the blank treatment was used as the control(CK).Five treatments of ABA,GA and their mixed solutions with different concentration ratios as A(0.1 mmol/L ABA),G(0.2 mmol/L GA),AGⅠ(ABA:GA=1:1),AGⅡ(ABA:GA=2:1),AGⅢ(ABA:GA=1:2)were set up respectively.The effects of different treatments on plant traits,dry matter accumulation,photosynthesis,physiological and biochemical indexes,yield and quality at different harvest stages were studied,the germination characteristics of peanut seeds in different harvest stages were compared,and the optimal schemes for promoting peanut growth and peanut seed post-ripening were screened.The results showed that compared with CK,single application of GA treatment could increase the main stem height,lateral branch length,leaf area,dry matter accumulation and photosynthetic rate of peanut before pod-bearing stage.Except the application of ABA treatment increased leaf area,single application of ABA and the two different proportion mixed treatments had no significant effect on other agronomic traits and photosynthetic rate.The trend of antioxidant enzyme activity in peanut leaves under different treatments was different,but the treatment of GA single application could increase antioxidant enzyme activity and decrease MDA content in peanut leaves.Regardless of whether the plant was harvested in advance or not,the treatment of GA single application could increase the yield and improve the quality of peanut seeds by all 3 harvest times,and the yield increased by 9.20%,5.18%and 16.83%,respectively,compared with the CK treatment.The germination rate,germination index and vigor index of seeds by 3 harvest times treated with GA single application were higher than those with the control.In conclusion,0.2 mmol/L GA single application treatment was the best hormone application scheme,wh
作者
宋兆锋
张志民
李美君
丁红
赵跃
孙日丹
陈小姝
李春雨
赫思聪
高华援
SONG Zhao-feng;ZHANG Zhi-min;LI Mei-jun;DING Hong;ZHAO Yue;SUN Ri-dan;CHEN Xiao-shu;LI Chun-yu;HE Si-cong;GAO Hua-yuan(Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Gongzhuling 136100,China;Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao 266100,China)
出处
《花生学报》
北大核心
2024年第2期10-19,30,共11页
Journal of Peanut Science
基金
国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2300100)
吉林省农业科技创新工程重大项目(CXGC2021ZD004)。
关键词
赤霉素
脱落酸
花生
生理生化
产量
后熟作用
gibberellin
abscisicacid
peanut
physiology and biochemistry
yield
post-ripeness
