摘要
目的了解皮肤感染性疾病的病原学特点及耐药性,并分析其危险因素,为合理使用抗菌药物提供参考。方法回顾性分析2014年6月—2017年12月在河北北方学院附属某医院就诊的136例皮肤感染性疾病患者的临床资料,统计分析病原菌类型、分布特征和耐药性。对可能引发皮肤感染性疾病的影响因素进行单因素分析以及多因素logistic回归分析。结果常见菌株为金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌,分别占33.89%、13.89%、8.89%。金黄色葡萄球菌、溶血葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌对青霉素、氨苄西林、红霉素的耐药率最高,其中金黄色葡萄球菌对该3种抗菌药物的耐药率分别为95.08%、78.69%、60.66%。铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌对磺胺甲噁唑/甲氧苄啶、环丙沙星、庆大霉素的耐药率最高,其中铜绿假单胞菌对该3种抗菌药物的耐药率分别为60.00%、44.00%、40.00%,大肠埃希菌对该3种抗菌药物耐药率分别为56.25%、43.75%、43.75%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,抗菌药物滥用是引发皮肤感染性疾病的独立危险因素(OR=7.204,P<0.05)。结论皮肤感染性疾病的致病菌种类繁多,细菌耐药问题较为严重,抗菌药物滥用是引发皮肤感染性疾病的独立危险因素,需重视病原菌检测与药敏试验,合理使用抗菌药物。
Objective To understand the etiologic characteristics and drug resistance of skin infectious diseases,and to analyze the risk factors,in order to provide reference for the rational use of antimicrobial drugs.Methods The clinical data of 136 patients with skin infectious diseases treated in an affiliated hospital of Hebei North University from June 2014 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.The types,distribution characteristics and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria were statistically analyzed.A univariate analysis and a multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted to analyze the influencing factors that could cause skin infectious diseases.Results The common strains were Staphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and Escherichia coli,accounting for 33.89%,13.89%,and 8.89%,respectively.Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus haemolyticus,and Staphylococcus epidermidis showed the highest resistance rates to penicillin,ampicillin,and erythromycin,with Staphylococcus aureus having resistance rates of 95.08%,78.69%,and 60.66%,respectively,to the three antimicrobial agents.Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli,and Klebsiella pneumoniae showed the highest resistance rates to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim,ciprofloxacin,and gentamicin,with Pseudomonas aeruginosa having resistance rates of 60.00%,44.00%,and 40.00%,respectively,and Escherichia coli having resistance rates of 56.25%,43.75%,and 43.75%,respectively,to the three antimicrobial agents.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that antimicrobial agent abuse was an independent risk factor for causing skin infectious diseases(OR=7.204,P<0.05).Conclusion There are many kinds of pathogenic bacteria in skin infectious diseases,and the problem of bacterial drug resistance is relatively serious.Antimicrobial agent abuse is an independent risk factor for skin infectious diseases.It is necessary to pay attention to pathogenic bacteria detection and drug sensitivity test,and rational use of antibiotics.
作者
杨晓静
冯冬梅
周向昭
陈雷刚
韩旭颖
吴远慧
温杰
YANG Xiaojing;FENG Dongmei;ZHOU Xiangzhao;CHEN Leigang;HAN Xuying;WU Yuanhui;WEN Jie(The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University,Dermatology Department,Zhangjiakou,Hebei 075000,China;不详)
出处
《医学动物防制》
2024年第6期614-617,622,共5页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
基金
河北省医学科学研究重点课题计划(20190896)
张家口市科学技术和地震局项目(1821063D)。
关键词
皮肤感染性疾病
病原菌
病原学
耐药性
危险因素
Skin infectious disease
Pathogenic bacteria
Etiology
Drug resistance
Risk factor
