摘要
中国横向生态补偿已经历了十多年的实践探索,试点范围逐年扩大,准确分析横向生态补偿对受偿地区城乡收入差距产生的影响具有重要的现实意义。本文使用2007—2019年县级面板数据,利用多期双重差分模型实证分析横向生态补偿对县级行政区城乡收入差距的影响。研究结果表明,横向生态补偿能够缩小城乡收入差距。机制分析结果表明,横向生态补偿能通过优化就业结构降低城乡收入差距。异质性分析结果表明,横向生态补偿在农村居民可支配收入和工业化程度相对较低的地区能产生更明显的影响;在中央政府提供配套资金的情况下政策效果更好,且随着制度的持续实施,其发挥的作用也更强。基于研究结论,本文从进一步完善横向生态补偿制度、充分发挥财政资金在生态补偿中的作用以及重视横向生态补偿的异质性影响三个方面提出相关的政策建议。
After more than a decade of exploration and practice,the pilot scope of horizontal ecological compensation in China is expanding year by year.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to accurately analyze the impact of the horizontal ecological compensation system on the urban-rural income gap in compensated areas.Using China’s county panel data from 2007 to 2019,this paper employs a multi-period difference-in-differences model to empirically reveal that horizontal ecological compensation in cross-provincial watersheds can reduce the urban-rural income gap.The mechanism analysis indicates that it reduces the urban-rural income gap by optimizing the labor force structure.The heterogeneity analysis shows that it can narrow the urban-rural income gap in areas with lower income levels for rural residents and low industrialization levels.As the number of policy rounds increases,the effect of horizontal ecological compensation in narrowing the urban-rural income gap will be enhanced,and the policy effect will be more significant in areas where the central government provides matching funds.In addition,horizontal ecological compensation in cross-provincial watersheds exerts a stronger positive impact on the per capita disposable income of rural residents.Compared to existing research,the possible marginal contributions are in three aspects.First,from the perspective of data,this paper utilizes county-level data to enhance the accuracy of dividing the treatment group and the control group in a more microscopic way.Second,from the perspective of research subjects,this paper examines all implemented cross-provincial watershed horizontal ecological compensation agreements,yielding applicable and generalizable research findings.Third,considering income levels of rural residents,regional industrialization levels,rounds of policy implementation,and the provision of supporting funds by the central government,the heterogeneity analysis can help better understand the relationship between horizontal ecological compensatio
作者
张益豪
郭晓辉
ZHANG Yihao;GUO Xiaohui(Chinese Academy of Fiscal Sciences,Beijing 100142)
出处
《经济与管理研究》
北大核心
2024年第6期3-18,共16页
Research on Economics and Management
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“人口老龄化对中国财政政策效果的影响机制和应对”(22CJY022)。
关键词
横向生态补偿
城乡收入差距
就业结构
农村居民可支配收入
工业化
horizontal ecological compensation
urban-rural income gap
employment structure
disposable income of rural residents
industrialization
