摘要
肽聚糖(Peptidoglycan,PG)是细菌细胞壁的主要组成成分,对于维持细胞形态、稳定胞体渗透压起重要作用,干扰PG的生物合成会破坏细胞壁结构,导致细菌死亡。细菌中普遍存在L-和D-氨基酸,其中D-氨基酸是PG合成的基本单元。荧光D-氨基酸(Fluorescent D-amino acids,FDAAs)是修饰有荧光基团的D-氨基酸类似物,可被细菌内源性转肽酶识别并整合在PG层中,所携带的荧光基团能够在新合成的PG上释放荧光信号。哺乳动物细胞通常无法识别D-氨基酸,因此,这种荧光标记策略能够在生物体内应用。近年来,FDAAs已成为可视化细菌PG生长和重塑的强大工具。本文围绕目前已开发的FDAAs展开讨论,并介绍这种标记策略在可视化PG增长、细菌抗生素敏感性分析、肠道菌群研究以及细菌感染治疗等的应用,最后对该研究方向的发展前景进行了展望。
Peptidoglycan is the main component of the bacterial cell wall and plays an important role in maintaining cell morphology and stabilizing the osmotic pressure of the cell body.Interfering with the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan will destroy the cell wall structure and lead to bacterial death.L-and D-amino acids are commonly found in bacteria,of which D-amino acid is the basic unit of peptidoglycan synthesis.Fluorescent D-amino acids(FDAAs)are D-amino acid analogs modified with fluorescent groups,which can be recognized by bacterial endogenous transpeptidase and integrated into the peptidoglycan layer.Fluorescent groups can release fluorescent signals on newly synthesized peptidoglycan.Mammalian cells generally cannot recognize D-amino acids,so this fluorescent labeling strategy can be applied in vivo.In recent years,FDAAs have emerged as a powerful tool for visualizing bacterial peptidoglycan growth and remodeling.This article discusses the currently developed FDAAs and introduces the applications of this labeling strategy in visualizing peptidoglycan growth,bacterial antibiotic susceptibility analysis,intestinal flora research,and bacterial infection treatment.Finally,the development prospects of this research direction are prospected.
作者
李龙辉
涂其冬
Li Longhui;Tu Qidong(School of Pharmacy,Jiangxi Science&Technology Normal University,Nanchang 330013,China)
出处
《山东化工》
CAS
2024年第9期92-97,共6页
Shandong Chemical Industry
基金
江西省药物分子设计与评价重点实验室开放课题(No.JKLDE-KF-2204)
江西省高等学校精细化学品工程技术研究中心开放课题(No.JFCEC-KF-2201)
江西科技师范大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(Nos.20231704208,20231704206)。
关键词
肽聚糖
细胞壁
荧光
D-氨基酸
peptidoglycan
cell wall
fluorescence
D-amino acids
