摘要
Fluorescent probes have revolutionized modern biological research by making it possible to observe and measure an extensive range of cellular and subcellular processes.Among the subcellular compartments,the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)and mitochondria(MT)remain exciting targets owing to the information they reveal about the cellular processes.Consequently,monitoring pH,polarity,viscosity,metal ions,reactive nitrogen species(RNS),reactive sulfur species(RSS)and reactive oxygen species(ROS)in ER and MT with fluorescent probes is of great importance to understand the cellar and subcellular process.Recent years,redox-sensitive probes and ion probes are designed and synthesized for the detection and quantification of RNS/RSS/ROS(collectively as reactive oxygen/nitrogen/sulfur species,RONSS)and metal ions within ER and MT.These probes provide powerful tools for the researchers to learn more about the complex relationship between cellular redox homeostasis and organelle function,and understand the mechanism of disease processes and pathogenesis for developing potential treatments.In this review,the design principles,synthesis methods,targeting mechanism for ER-and MT-targeted RONSS,and metal-ionspecific fluorescent probes are discussed.The recent progress for the synthesis and applications of ER/MT-targeted probes,and their applications for monitoring cellular and subcellular processes are summarized,and the development trends and application prospects of the probes are analyzed.
荧光探针对现代生物学研究产生重大影响,使其实现了细胞和亚细胞层面生物过程的可视化检测.内质网和线粒体参与细胞中的多种生物过程,是细胞中重要的两种细胞器,因而借助荧光探针检测内质网和线粒体的pH、极性、粘度、金属离子、活性氮、活性硫和活性氧对探索亚细胞层面的生物过程具有重要意义.近年来,许多荧光探针已被设计合成,用于检测内质网和线粒体中的各种分析物,为了解细胞氧化还原稳态与细胞器功能之间的复杂关系以及疾病过程和发病机制提供了强有力的工具.在此,我们概述了内质网和线粒体靶向型荧光探针的设计原理、合成方法和靶向机理.本综述总结了内质网和线粒体靶向型荧光探针的近期研究进展,展望了未来的发展前景.
作者
Abdul Hadi Mehmood
Faiz Ullah
Baoli Dong
Hong Liu
阿卜杜勒・哈迪・马哈茂德;法伊・兹乌拉;董宝利;刘宏(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,University of Jinan,Jinan 250022,China;Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research(iAIR),School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,University of Jinan,Jinan 250022,China;State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China)
基金
the financial support from the China National Key R&D Program(2023YFB3210400)
Key R&D Program of Shandong Province(2021CXGC010603)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(22377032)
the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2021MB022)。
