摘要
【目的】雨、雪、波浪、风等作用常会引起土壤侵蚀。生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀技术(MICP/EICP)由于环境友好的特点已成为岩土和地质领域的研究热点之一。为了探究MICP/EICP在土壤抗侵蚀性方面的效果,【方法】介绍了MICP/EICP的矿化过程,基于现有成果总结了MICP/EICP改善不同类型土壤侵蚀效果。【结果】结果显示:对于土壤适应性,MICP处理粗砂的无侧限抗压强度和CaCO_(3)含量高于EICP,而在粉细砂中结果相反。对于遇水崩解特性,MICP改性黏土中25μm以下颗粒质量减少,75~250μm颗粒质量分数增加,团聚体变大,有效降低了黏土、黄土、黏性紫色土崩解速率和崩解率。对于波浪侵蚀特性,随喷洒固化次数由1增加到4,海岸砂质边坡侵蚀速率呈对数下降,固化18次后,30次潮汐变化下坡角几乎不变。对于切向水流侵蚀特性,1 g/L的黄原胶溶液结合MICP固化2次的样品和0.5 mol/L胶结液结合掺入0.2%纤维所得到的固化土的抗侵蚀性优于单纯高剂量MICP处理的结果。对于风蚀,MICP固化时,0.25 mol/L胶结液可达到抗风蚀效果,而EICP反应较快应加入抑制剂。对于多次干湿和冻融循环侵蚀,MICP/EICP处理试样的强度和侵蚀量都好于未处理试样,EICP处理砂土样的耐久性效果不如MICP明显。【结论】结果表明:MICP适用于粗粒土,生成的CaCO_(3)整体性好;EICP脲酶分子小,工艺简单,可应用于细粒土中,但生成的CaCO_(3)较松散。MICP/EICP作用可有效降低细粒土的遇水崩解特性,有效降低海岸砂质边坡的波浪侵蚀,与纤维或生聚物结合可改善固化土的脆性,抵抗切向水流的侵蚀。低浓度的胶结液配方即可抵抗风蚀。MICP/EICP可提高固化土的耐久性。
[Objective]Rain,snow,waves,and wind often cause soil erosion.The bio-induced calcium carbonate precipitation technology(MICP/EICP)has become one of the research hotspots in the fields of geotechnical and geological engineering due to its environmental friendliness.[Methods]This article introduces the mineralization process of MICP/EICP,and summarizes the improved erosion effects of MICP/EICP on different types of soil based on existing research result.[Results]For soil adaptability,the unconfined compressive strength and CaCO_(3) content of MICP-treated coarse sand are higher than those of EICP,while the opposite is true in fine sand.For water-induced disintegration characteristics,the mass of particles below 25μm in MICP-modified clay decreases,while the mass fraction of particles between 75 and 250μm increases,[Results]ing in larger aggregates in clay,loess,and sticky purple soil,effectively reducing the disintegration rate and disintegration rate of these soils.For wave erosion characteristics,with the increase in the number of spray curing from 1 to 4,the erosion rate of coastal sandy slopes decreases logarithmically.After 18 curing times,the slope angle remains almost unchanged under 30 tidal changes.For the erosion characteristics of tangential flow,the erosion resistance of the soil samples treated with 1 g/L xanthan gum solution combined with MICP curing for 2 times and 0.5 mol/L cement solution combined with 0.2%fiber is better than that of the soil samples treated with high-dose MICP alone.For wind erosion,when MICP is cured,0.25 mol/L cement solution can achieve wind erosion resistance,while EICP reacts faster and should be added with inhibitors.For multiple dry-wet and freeze-thaw cycles,the strength and erosion amount of MICP/EICP-treated samples are better than those of untreated samples,and the durability effect of EICP-treated sandy soil samples is not as obvious as that of MICP.[Conclusion]MICP is suitable for coarse-grained soil,and the generated CaCO_(3) has good integrity;EICP has small urea
作者
耿会岭
赵卫全
赵永刚
杨晓东
于凡
GENG Huiling;ZHAO Weiquan;ZHAO Yonggang;YANG Xiaodong;YU Fan(China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,Beijing 100038,China;China Water Huaihe Planing Design and Research Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 230006,Anhui,China)
出处
《水利水电技术（中英文）》
北大核心
2024年第3期11-23,共13页
Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划课题(2019YFC1509800)
引江济淮公司科研项目(YJJH-ZT-ZX-20221130515)
中国水科院科研专项(EM0145B182020)。
关键词
MICP
EICP
土壤侵蚀
影响因素
水土保持
气候变化
力学性能
碳达峰
MICP
EICP
soil erosion
influencing factors
soil and water conservation
climate change
mechanical properties
Carbon Peaking
