摘要
为实现江苏省冬小麦科学灌溉、提高农业用水效率,明晰江苏省冬小麦需水量及气候影响因素的时空变化特征,为全省冬小麦灌溉管理及农业水资源高效利用提供科技支撑,基于江苏省共计12个地区2013-2022年冬小麦季相关气象资料,通过Penman-Montieth法计算近十年来江苏省冬小麦需水量,并利用Pearson相关分析法对近十年江苏省冬小麦需水量时空变化特征、需水特性以及气象影响因素进行了分析。近十年间江苏省年平均气温、日平均湿度、地表温度、降水量、蒸发量、平均日照时数均呈总体上升趋势,太阳总辐射量呈减小趋势。近十年来江苏省冬小麦本田期的需水量平均值为451.82~692.50 mm,年际变化范围在540.19~646.70 mm,不同年份间呈现减小的趋势,空间上则呈现由西北向东南递减的趋势。江苏省大部分地区冬小麦需水强度最小值出现在1月,5-6月抽穗期与灌浆期需水强度最大。江苏省冬小麦全生育期需水量与年均降雨量、日均湿度之间存在负相关关系,与年均水面蒸发量、年均日照时数、年平均气温间存在正相关关系,这其中以日均湿度、年均水面蒸发量、年均气温对冬小麦需水量的影响最为明显。并且,近十年冬小麦全生育期需水量的总体下降趋势可能是由于其与日均湿度明显更高的负相关性所导致。总之,近十年来江苏省冬小麦需水量逐年有下降趋势,且由西北向东南递减,此外全省日均湿度、年均水面蒸发量、年均气温是近年来冬小麦需水量变化的主要影响因素。
In order to realize scientific irrigation of winter wheat in Jiangsu Province,improve the efficiency of agricultural water use,clarify the spatial and temporal characteristics of winter wheat water demand and climatic influences in Jiangsu Province,and provide scientific and technological support for the province′s irrigation management of winter wheat and the efficient use of agricultural water resources,this paper utilized the meteorological data related to the 2013-2022 winter wheat season in a total of 12 areas in Jiangsu Province.The water demand of winter wheat in Jiangsu Province in the past decade was calculated by the Penman-Montieth method.The spatial and temporal changes in the water demand of winter wheat in Jiangsu Province in the past decade were analyzed by the Pearson correlation analysis method,as were the characteristics of the water demand and the meteorological factors affecting the winter wheat in Jiangsu Province.During the past ten years,average annual temperature,average daily humidity,surface temperature,precipitation,evaporation,and average sunshine hours in Jiangsu Province have all shown a general upward trend,and total solar radiation has shown a decreasing trend.The average value of winter wheat water demand in Jiangsu Province is 451.82~692.50 mm,and the province′s winter wheat water demand shows a decreasing trend in different years of the present field period,with an inter-annual variation range of 540.19~646.70 mm,and the province′s wheat water demand shows a decreasing trend from northwest to southeast.In most areas of Jiangsu Province,the minimum winter wheat water demand intensity occurs in January,and the maximum water demand intensity occurs in May-June during the tasseling period and grouting period.Winter wheat water demand in Jiangsu Province exhibits a negative correlation with average annual rainfall and average daily humidity,and a positive correlation with average annual water surface evaporation,average annual sunshine hours and average annual air temperature i
作者
王洁
姚怀柱
梁森
侯新蕊
张脉然
胡家珍
杨士红
WANG Jie;YAO Huai-zhu;LIANG Sen;HOU Xin-rui;ZHANG Mai-ran;HU Jia-zhen;YANG Shi-hong(Development Center for Science and Technology of Rural Water Resources of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 210029,China;College of Agricultural Science and Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Soil-Water Efficient Utilization,Carbon Sequestration and Emission Reduction,Nanjing 210098,China;Xuzhou River and Lake Management Center,Xuzhou 221634,Jiangsu Province,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2024年第5期107-114,共8页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2022390)
国家自然科学基金项目(52379038)。
关键词
江苏省
冬小麦
作物需水量
需水特性
时空分布
气象因素
Jiangsu Province
winter wheat
crop water requirement
water requirement characteristics
spatial and temporal distribution
meteorological factors
