后唐明宗朝北面行营与北部边防

The North Field and Northern Defense in Mingzong Period of the Later Tang Dynasty

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摘要北面行营的设置,是唐明宗措置军事的一项重要措施。在平定叛乱时,北面行营的主导力量是唐明宗亲信与元随以及中央的禁军。行营统帅的设置,体现了分权与制衡的原则。北面行营运行体现了唐明宗时期中央权力的发展,以及战时状态下唐明宗对于军事的掌控意愿。在战争结束后,北面行营成为后唐措置北边防御的重要机构。行营制衡的原则也运用在边防体系的构建之上,并与唐明宗的对外政策互为照映。在行营之内,唐明宗通过任命来自不同政治势力的行营统帅,派遣禁军出戍的方式,来实现行营权力的互相制衡。在后唐北部边防体系中,唐明宗设置北面行营署理河北边防,以期与负责河东边防的河东节度使实现军事上的互相制衡。但在北面行营的实际运行中,由于唐末帝时期中央激烈的政治变动以及契丹突然的军事介入,其军事上的平衡作用逐步丧失。北面行营反而成为赵德钧拥兵谋夺天下的资本。北面行营的运行反映了唐宋时期边防体制演进中对军事权力分割与制衡的趋势。 The establishment of the north field was an important measure taken by the Emperor Mingzong of Tang Dynasty to manage military affairs.When suppressing rebellions,the leading forces of the north field were Tang Mingzong’s confidants and the central imperial army.The appointment of the commanders reflected the principles of decentralization and checks and balances.The operation of the north field reflects the development of the central power during Mingzong’s period,and his desire to maintain control over military affairs during wartime,after which the field became an important organization for the defense of the north in the Later Tang Dynasty.The principle of balancing operations was also applied to the construction of the border defense system,echoing Emperor Mingzong’s foreign policy.Within the field,the emperor achieved mutual checks and balances of power by appointing commanders from different political forces and dispatching troops to garrison.In the northern border defense system of the Later Tang Dynasty,Emperor Mingzong set up the north field to operate the border defense in Hebei,in order to achieve military checks and balances with the Hedong military governor in charge of the Hedong border defense.However,in the actual operation of the north field,due to the intense political turmoils in the central government during the later Tang Dynasty and the sudden military interventions of the Khitan,its military balance gradually failed to play its role.The field became the capital for Zhao Dejun to support his troops and seize the land.The functioning of the north field reflected the trend of military power division and balance in the evolution of the border defense system during the Tang and Song dynasties.

作者李华瑞强政隆 Li Huarui;Qiang Zhenglong(School of History,Capital Normal University,Beijing,100048)

机构地区首都师范大学历史学院

出处《山东师范大学学报（社会科学版）》北大核心 2024年第2期47-56,F0002,共11页 Journal of Shandong Normal University(Social Sciences)

关键词后唐明宗北面行营分权与制衡防御政策 Tang Mingzong of the Later Tang Dynasty the north field decentralization and balance defense policy

分类号 K243 [历史地理—历史学]