摘要
【目的】前山带是天山北坡山地-绿洲-荒漠生态系统的重要组成部分,探讨植物对干旱胁迫的动态生理适应性和抗旱性评价方法,筛选植被恢复的适宜树种,对该区域植被生态恢复具有重要意义。【方法】以新疆天山北坡前山带种植的12种植物为研究对象,观测灌水后土壤水分时空变化,分析干旱和复水对植物光合和抗逆生理指标的影响,采用主成分分析评价12种植物的抗旱能力。【结果】(1)干旱胁迫后,土壤水分散失在0-20 cm层最快,20-40 cm层次之,40-60 cm层最慢,不同植物采用不同策略改变生长情况来适应干旱;(2)干旱胁迫后,叶片净光合速率(P_(n))、气孔导度(G_(s))、蒸腾速率(T_(r))、胞间CO_(2)浓度(C_(i))、PSⅡ潜在活性(F_(v)/F_(o))、PSⅡ最大光化学效率(F_(v)/F_(m))、电子传递速率(ETR)和叶绿素含量降低,而抗逆生理指标超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、脯氨酸含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量及非光化学淬灭系数(qN)升高,复水后各指标都有一定程度的恢复,但均未达到初始水平;(3)主成分分析结果显示,Pn、叶绿素含量、ETR和MDA含量等指标贡献率较大,梭梭、柽柳、刺蔷薇和柠条锦鸡儿抗旱性较强,‘中亚沙棘’、‘新棘5号’、‘新棘1号’和山杏次之,而‘新棘4号’、‘新棘3号’、文冠果和‘新棘2号’较弱。【结论】Pn、叶绿素含量、ETR和MDA含量可作为评价植物适应干旱的重要指标;新疆天山北坡前山带植被生态恢复应优先选择梭梭、柽柳、刺蔷薇及柠条锦鸡儿进行建植。
[Objective]The front piedmont belt of the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang is a crucial component of the mountain-oasis-desert ecosystem of the Tianshan northern slope.Investigating the dynamic physiological adaptations of plants to drought stress and assessing methods for drought resistance,as well as selecting suitable tree species for vegetation restoration holds significant importance for the ecological restoration in this region.[Methods]12 plant species planted in the piedmont belt of the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang were selected as the subjects.The study observed the spatiotemporal distribution of soil moisture following irrigation and analyzed the impact of drought stress and rewatering treatment on plant photosynthetic and physiological indicators.The drought resistance of these 12 species was evaluated using principal component analysis.[Results](1)F_(o)llowing drought stress,soil moisture depletion occurred most rapidly in the 0-20 cm layer,followed by the 20-40 cm layer,and was slowest in the 40-60 cm layer.Different plants employed different strategies to adapt their growth to drought stress.(2)F_(o)llowing drought stress,net photosynthetic rate(P_(n)),stomatal conductance(G_(s)),transpiration rate(T_(r)),intercellular CO_(2)concentration(Ci),potential activity of PSⅡ(F_(v)/F_(o)),maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ(F_(v)/F_(m)),electron transport rate(ETR),and chlorophyll content were decreased,while the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD),proline content,malondialdehyde(MDA)content,and non-photochemical quenching coefficient(qN)were increased.After rehydration,there was a certain degree of recovery in each parameter,but none of them reached the initial levels.(3)The results of principal component analysis highlighted that factors like Pn,chlorophyll content,ETR,and MDA content were major contributors.Species such as Haloxylon ammodendron,Tamarix chinensis,Rosa acicularis,and Caragana korshinskii demonstrated significant drought resilience.Hippo
作者
程平
汤东
王凯
杨璐
张志刚
李宏
CHENG Ping;TANG Dong;WANG Kai;YANG Lu;ZHANG Zhigang;LI Hong(College of Forestry and Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;College of Ecology and Environment,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830017,China;Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Sciences,Urumqi 830000,China)
出处
《西北植物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期691-705,共15页
Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica
基金
天然林保护工程财政资金专项“新疆天山北坡前山带植被恢复技术研究与示范”项目(XJTB2020-03)。
关键词
天山北坡前山带
干旱胁迫
植被恢复
抗旱性评价
northern piedmont of Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang
drought stress
vegetation restoration
drought resistance evaluation
