摘要
为有效缓解当前寒地水稻生产成本高、用工难、生产效率低等问题,促进节本增效和农业可持续发展,以垦粳8号为供试品种,采用单因素随机区组设计,播种量设4个水平处理(B_(1)、B_(2)、B_(3)和B_(4)干种子量分别为100,200,250和300 g·盘^(-1)),常规处理(CK,100 g·盘^(-1)),研究“双免”技术下不同播种密度对水稻出苗率、秧苗素质、α-淀粉酶活性及抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明,“双免”模式下,显著或极显著提高了水稻苗期出苗率、成苗率、胚乳残留量,B_(3)处理较CK处理出苗率、成苗率和胚乳残留量2年平均增加10.77%、13.16%和46.19%;但随着播种量的增加,秧苗的茎基宽、根数、第一叶耳间距以及地上部干物质量均呈降低趋势。“双免”模式下水稻苗期α-淀粉酶活性破胸期-立针期极显著高于常规对照,1.1叶期-2.1叶期极显著低于常规对照;随着播种密度的升高α-淀粉酶活性(立针期-2.1叶期)呈先降低后升高趋势,且随着种子的萌发生长α-淀粉酶活性呈逐渐降低趋势。水稻苗期叶片抗氧化酶活性“双免”模式均低于常规对照,超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶趋势一致,均随着播种密度的升高呈逐渐降低趋势。
In order to effectively alleviate the problems of high production cost,difficult labor and low production efficiency of rice in cold areas,promote cost saving,efficiency increase and sustainable agricultural development.The experiment took Kenjing 8 as the test variety,and a single factor randomized block design was adopted:sowing amount 4 level(B_(1),B_(2),B_(3)and B_(4)dry seed amount 100,200,250 and 300 g per plate,respectively),and conventional treatment(CK,100 g per plate).The effects of different seeding densities on rice emergence rate,seedling quality,α-amylase activity and antioxidant enzyme activity were studied.The results showed that under the“double immunity”mode of no soaking seed and no spurting,the emergence rate,seedling formation rate and endosperm residue of rice seedling were significantly increased.Compared with CK treatment,B_(3)treatment increased by 10.77%(emergence rate),13.16%(seedling formation rate)and 46.19%(endosperm residue)in 2 years.However,with the increase of seeding amount,the stem base width,root number,the distance between the first ear and the dry matter mass of the above ground decreased.The activity ofα-amylase in seedling stage was significantly higher than that in conventional control at thoracolapril-injection stage,and significantly lower at 1.1 leaf stage-2.1 leaf stage under double immunity mode.Theα-amylase activity decreased first and then increased with the increase of seeding density,and decreased gradually with the germination and growth of seeds.The activity of antioxidant enzymes in rice leaves in the“double immunity”mode was lower than that in the conventional control,and the trends of superoxide dismutase and catalase showed a decreasing trend with the increase of seeding density.
作者
张家智
赵羽涵
杨晓贺
姚亮亮
张茂明
邱磊
王自杰
丁俊杰
ZHANG Jiazhi;ZHAO Yuhan;YANG Xiaohe;YAO Liangliang;ZHANG Maoming;QIU Lei;WANG Zijie;DING Junjie(Jiamusi Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Main Crop Breeding and Cultivation in Sanjiang Plain,Jiamusi 154007,China;College of Agriculture,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Plant Resistance Research Center of Heilongjiang Province,Daqing 163319,China)
出处
《黑龙江农业科学》
2024年第5期1-6,共6页
Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
黑龙江省主要农作物有害生物监测预警与综合防控技术研究(GA22B014)。
关键词
水稻
“双免”模式
播种密度
秧苗素质
酶活性
rice
“double immunity”mode
seeding density
seedling quality
enzyme activity
