摘要
为制备一种可以用于水稻种肥同播的缓控释肥料,试验以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为主要材料,并使用少量的羧甲基纤维素(CMC)和纳米SiO_(2)改性材料,制备改性聚丙烯酸酯乳液包裹肥料以达到缓释效果。选用25℃静水溶出率法,结合红外、电子显微镜等分析技术,探索了不同的原料配比和3种包膜量(10%、15%、20%)制备的改性聚丙烯酸酯缓释肥在水中的养分释放规律。结果表明:在CMC质量占固含量(BA+MMA)的5%且包膜量为20%时缓释效果最好,其在第1和28 d的累积养分释放率分别为0.5%和63.8%,低于15%和80%的限值。使用此规格的自制缓释肥进行了盆栽试验,比较了在不同施肥量和施肥方式下盆面水中全氮、全磷的含量以及水稻生长状况的差异。研究表明,缓释肥施用量为传统施肥量的70%时,相较于传统施肥方式,分别降低56.4%和88.9%的全氮和全磷流失的同时也保证了水稻的产量。
In order to prepare a slow release fertilizer that can be used for rice sowing and fertilization together in the experiment,methyl methacrylate(MMA)and butyl acrylate(BA)were used as the main materials,small amount of carboxymethylcellulose(CMC)and nano-SiO_(2) were added as modified materials to prepare modified polyacrylate emulsion to wrap the fertilizer to achieve the slow release effect.The 25℃hydrostatic dissolution rate method was adopted,combined with infrared,electron microscopy and other analytical techniques,the nutrient release law of modified polyacrylate slow release fertilizer prepared with different raw material ratio and three coating amount(10%,15%,20%)in water was explored.The results showed that the sustained release effect was the best when the mass of CMC accounted for 5%of solid content(BA+MMA)and the coating amount was 20%,and the cumulative nutrient release rates on 1 and 28 days were 0.5%and 63.8%,which were lower than 15%and 80%,respectively.In addition,the potting experiment was carried out using this specification of self-made slow release fertilizer,the content of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in potted surface water and the growth status of rice were compared under different fertilization rates and fertilization methods.The results showed that when the slow release fertilizer application rate was 70%of the traditional fertilization amount,compared with the traditional fertilization method,the total nitrogen and total phosphorus losses were reduced by about 56.4%and 88.9%,respectively,and the rice production was effectively increased.
作者
孙宇虎
盛昕
冯国禄
SUN Yu-hu;SHENG Xin;FENG Guo-lu(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin Guangxi 541004;College of Resources and Environment,Beibu Gulf University,Qinzhou Guangxi 535011)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期201-209,共9页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
广西重点研发项目(桂科AB20297045)
广西重点研发项目(桂科AB20159040)
国家自然科学地区基金项目(31360322)。
