摘要
宋代郭茂倩编撰的《乐府诗集》是我国古代乐府学著作中收集乐府歌辞最为完备的一部。《乐府诗集》收录了东晋南朝时期长江流域的乐府诗歌,吴歌即为其中之一。通过分析《乐府诗集》中342首无署名吴歌的韵脚,发现其押韵与晋宋时期文人诗的用韵规律各有异同。吴歌与晋宋时期文人诗押韵的相同之处在于:东冬钟江合用,脂微同用,皆部齐韵字与支部齐韵字不押韵,寒桓删和先仙山分用。吴歌押韵规律相较晋宋时期文人诗作用韵规则的不同之处则在于鱼韵与模韵的分用。吴歌中鱼模分用规则与齐梁文人诗的用韵习惯较为接近,从汉语史的角度来说可谓时代新变,而这种新变或许与吴歌所使用的金陵附近地区方音有关。通过对吴歌鱼韵字押韵的分析,发现吴歌正处于晋代至齐梁诗歌鱼模分用的过渡阶段。整理吴歌鱼模二韵的韵脚字能够在一定程度上还原中古金陵语音面貌,也证明了鱼模二韵由合用到分用的变化是受到当时金陵语音的影响。
Yuefu Poetry Collection compiled by Guo Maoqian in Song Dynasty is the most complete collection of Yuefu songs and lyrics in ancient Yuefu studies.Yuefu Poetry Collection contains Yuefu poems in the Yangtze River basin during the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties,and Wu dialect songs(hereinafter referred to as“Wu songs”)are one of them.By analyzing the 342 unsigned rhymes—rhyming characters ending a line of verse—in Wu songs of Yuefu Poetry Collection,this paper finds that there are similarities and differences between the rhymes and rhyming rules of the literati poems in Jin Dynasties and Song Dynasty and those of Wu songs.The similarities in the rhyming between Wu songs and literati poems of Jin Dynasties and Song Dynasty are as follows:The Dong Dong Zhong Jiang is used together,and the Zhi Wei is used together;The Qi rhyme characters of the Jie Bu and the Zhi Bu are not rhyming,and the Han Huan Shan and the Xian Xian Shan are dividedly used.The difference in terms of rhyming rules compared Wu songs and literati poems of Jin Dynasties and Song Dynasty lies in using Yu rhyme and Mu rhyme dividedly.The rhyming rules of Yu and Mu rhymes used dividedly in Wu songs are closer to the rhyme conventions of literati poems in Qi and Liang Dynasties.From the perspective of Chinese language history,it can be described as a new change in the Times,while this new change may be related to the local pronunciation of the area around Jinling used in Wu songs.Through the analysis of rhyming on Yu rhyme characters in Wu songs,it is found that Wu songs lie in the transitional stage of poetry rhyming of Yu and Mu rhymes used dividedly from Jin Dynasties to Qi and Liang Dynasties.Sorting out the rhyming characters ending a line of verse in Wu songs Yu and Mu rhymes can restore the appearance of the middle-ancient Jinling phonetics to a certain extent,and it also proves that the change of Yu and Mu rhymes from joint use to separation use was influenced by the Jinling phonetics at that time.
作者
于阔
岳洋峰
YU Kuo;YUE Yang-feng(Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024,China)
出处
《金陵科技学院学报（社会科学版）》
2024年第1期79-85,共7页
Journal of Jinling Institute of Technology(Social Sciences Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“汉魏乐府歌诗文本生成研究”(22FZWB018)。
关键词
《乐府诗集》
吴歌
押韵
金陵语音
吴语
Yuefu Poetry Collection
Wu dialect songs(Wu songs)
rhyme
Jinling phonetics
Wu dialect in Chinese language
