摘要
为评价不同成熟度(成熟、适熟、未熟)烟叶对烟草赤星病的感病性及杀菌剂对烟草赤星病的防控效果,测定了3种成熟度烟叶对赤星病的感病性,并分别选择适熟烟叶及混合烟叶作为病情指数调查对象,评价了15种杀菌剂(12.50%腈菌唑ME、325 g/L苯甲·嘧菌酯SC、57.60%氢氧化铜WDG、40%菌核净WP、8%井冈霉素SL、80%波尔多液WP、50%醚菌酯WDG、10%苯醚甲环唑WDG、12%苯甲·氟酰胺SC、25%嘧菌酯SC、400 g/L氯氟醚·吡唑酯SC、10%多抗霉素WP、38%唑醚·啶酰菌WDG、200 g/L氟酰羟·苯甲唑SC和80%代森锰锌WP)对烟草赤星病的田间防效。结果表明,烟草上部未熟烟叶对赤星病抗性最强,其次依次为中部适熟烟叶和下部成熟烟叶。15种杀菌剂对赤星病表现出不同的防治效果,2种调查方法的防效在325 g/L苯甲·嘧菌酯SC、57.60%氢氧化铜WDG等12种药剂处理时防效均较为一致。325 g/L苯甲·嘧菌酯SC(药后5 d防效分别为100%和85.64%,10 d时分别为57.14%和64.92%)、12%苯甲·氟酰胺SC(82.81%和87.56%,50%和70.82%)、25%嘧菌酯SC(100%和81.75%,50%和53.93%)、38%唑醚·啶酰菌WDG(100%和89.18%,77.78%和58%)及200 g/L氟酰羟·苯甲唑SC(86.74%和92.84%,92.86%和81.79%)的防效均较好;在施药15 d时,25%嘧菌酯SC(56.46%和54.95%)和200 g/L氟酰羟·苯甲唑SC(60.90%和55.95%)的防效仍较好。综上,325 g/L苯甲·嘧菌酯SC、12%苯甲·氟酰胺SC、25%嘧菌酯SC、38%唑醚·啶酰菌WDG及200 g/L氟酰羟·苯甲唑SC 5种药剂对适熟及混合烟叶烟草赤星病的防治效果较好,可用于烟草赤星病的防控。
In order to investigate the resistance of different mature leaves to tobacco brown spot,and also the efficacy of fungicides to this disease,the resistance of leaves with different maturities(mature,proper and immature)to tobacco brown spot was measured,and proper tobacco leaves and three kinds of maturity mixed tobacco leaves(mature,proper and immature)were selected as the evaluation object of disease index,and the field efficacy of 15 kinds of fungicides(12.5%Myclobutanil ME,325 g/L Difenoconazole·Azoxystrobin SC,57.60%Cu(OH)_(2)WDG,40%Dimethachlon WP,8%Validamycin SL,80%Bordeaux mixture WP,50%Kresoxim-methyl WDG,10%Difenoconazole WDG,12%Difenoconazole·Fluzoxamides SC,25%Azoxystrobin SC,400 g/L Cloflurfenazole·Pyraclostrobin SC,10%Polyoxin WP,38%Pyraclostrobin·Boscalid WDG,200 g/L Pydiflumetofen·Difenoconazole SC,80%Mancozeb WP)against tobacco brown spot were evaluated by the increase of disease index.Results showed that highest resistance to brown spot was the immature leaves at upper position,followed by the proper mature leaves in the middle,and poorest resistance was the mature leaves at down position.Fifteen kinds of fungicides showed different field efficacy on tobacco brown spot.Results of the two investigation methods were relatively consistent in the field efficacy of 12 kinds of fungicides,such as 325 g/L Difenoconazole·Azoxystrobin SC,57.60%Cu(OH)_(2)WDG.325 g/L Difenoconazole·Azoxystrobin SC(the field efficacies were 100%and 85.64%at 5 days after treatment,and 57.14%and 64.92%at 10 days after treatment),12%Difenoconazole·Fluzoxamides SC(82.81%and 87.56%,50%and 70.82%),25%Azoxystrobin SC(100%and 81.75%,50%and 5393%),38%Pyraclostrobin·Boscalid WDG(100%and 89.18%,77.78%and 58%),200 g/L Pydiflumetofen·Difenoconazole SC(86.74%and 92.84%,92.86%and 81.79%)had better field efficacies.And 25%Azoxystrobin SC(56.46%and 54.95%)and 200 g/L Pydiflumetofen·Difenoconazole SC(60.90%and 55.95%)still had good field efficacies after 15 days of application.Above all,the field efficacies of 325 g/L Difenoconazo
作者
郭涛
刘亭亭
汪汉成
孙美丽
GUO Tao;LIU Ting-ting;WANG Han-cheng(College of Life Science,Yangtze University,Jingzhou,Hubei 434025;Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science,Guiyang,Guizhou 550081;College of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou,Hubei 434025)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2024年第8期123-127,131,共6页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
中国烟草总公司科技项目(110202101048(LS-08),11020-2001035(LS-04))
国家自然科学基金(32160522,31960550)
贵州省科技基金(黔科合基础-ZK〔2021〕重点036)
贵州省“百层次”创新型人才(黔科合平台人才-GCC〔2022〕028-1)
贵州省科技创新人才团队项目(黔科合平台人才-CXTD〔2023〕021)
贵州省应用技术研究与开发资金后补助项目
中国烟草总公司贵州省公司科技项目(2024XM06)。
关键词
烟草赤星病
防治效果
烟叶成熟度
抗病性
Tobacco brown spot
Field efficacy
Tobacco leaf maturity
Disease resistance
