摘要
基于环境足迹理论,以兰州市为例,对比分析了1990—2020年城镇和农村居民食物代谢过程及其资源环境效应的动态演变规律及城乡差异性,并结合相关文献,提出了融合四种环境足迹(水、碳、氮、磷)的综合评价指标“生态效率”,弥补了当前食物消费环境影响研究中各个足迹独立评价的不足。结果表明:(1)1990—2020年,兰州市居民食物消费结构发生了巨大改变,由“温饱型”的植物源食物消费为主逐渐转变为“小康型”动植物源食物并重模式。(2)1990—2020年,城镇居民食物消费环境足迹大体呈上涨趋势,农村居民食物消费环境足迹却在下降。(3)相较于1990年,2020年城镇地区生态效率提高了0.9倍,农村地区提高了0.5倍,这主要得益于人们消费结构的改变和兰州市农业体系的调整和农业技术的优化。在此基础上,本研究提出一系列措施来进一步提高生态效率,优化代谢进程。
Based on the environmental footprint theory,this paper takes Lanzhou city as an example,compares and analyzes the dynamic evolution of the food metabolism process and its resource and environmental effects of urban and rural residents from 1990 to 2020 and the urban-rural differences,and proposes a comprehensive evaluation index that integrates four environmental footprints(water,carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus),“eco-efficiency”combining with related literature,which makes up for the shortage of independent evaluation of each footprint in the current environmental impact studies of food consumption.The results show that:(1)From 1990 to 2020,the food consumption structure of Lanzhou residents has changed dramatically,from a“subsistence-type”plant-derived food consumption to a“well-off-type”plant-derived and animal-derived food consumption model.(2)From 1990 to 2020,the environmental footprint of urban residents’food consumption is generally on the rise,while the environmental footprint of rural residents’food consumption is on the decline.(3)Compared with 1990,the eco-efficiency of urban areas has increased by 0.9 times and rural areas by 0.5 times in 2020,which is mainly due to the change of people’s consumption structure and the adjustment of agricultural system and optimization of agricultural the technology in Lanzhou city.Based on this,this study proposes a series of measures to further improve the eco-efficiency and optimize metabolic processes.
作者
马维兢
李小哲
寇敬雯
张楚悦
杨海江
薛冰
MA Weijing;LI Xiaozhe;KOU Jingwen;ZHANG Chuyue;YANG Haijiang;XUE Bing(College of Resources and Environment,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou Gansu 730000,China;College of Economics,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou Gansu 730000,China;Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang Liaoning 110016,China)
出处
《生态经济》
北大核心
2024年第5期171-180,共10页
Ecological Economy
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“基于食物消费环境足迹的多民族地区人地关系研究:以河西走廊为例”(42201302)
兰州大学“双一流”建设人才引进项目“变化环境下干旱区农业生态系统可持续发展研究”(561120213)。
关键词
食物代谢
环境足迹
生态效率
城乡融合
兰州市
food metabolism
environmental footprints
eco-efficiency
urban-rural integration
Lanzhou city
