摘要
物质流分析被认为是适用于生态效率评价的重要工具和方法之一，但应用于区域生态效率评价的研究尚较少。根据生态效率理论、物质流分析理论与方法，建立了基于物质流账户的3个层面的区域生态效率评价指标：区域直接生态效率、区域总生态效率、整体生态效率。以江苏省为例，全面评价了1995～2005年江苏省不同层面的生态效率，结果表明：（1）江苏省区域直接生态效率远高于我国同期水平。区域总生态效率和整体生态效率相对较低，分别仅为区域直接生态效率15％～22％和7％-8％左右；（2）1995-2005年，区域直接生态效率呈先上升后下降趋势，原因在于物质生产率未有显著提高以及近年来重工业在产业结构中比重的增加；（3）整体生态效率的变化趋势与区域直接生态效率类似，原因主要是近年江苏省对区外物质和资源的进口量显著增加；（4）区域总生态效率则表现为先快速上升后缓慢上升的趋势。在对研究结果及成因进行分析和讨论的基础上，提出了提高区域生态效率的建议。
Material flow analysis （MFA） is considered as one of the important tools and methods which are applicable to the evaluation of eco-efficiency. However,studies applying the MFA in regional eco-efficiency evaluation are still few. This paper established the three aspects of indicators for regional eco-efficiency derived from MFA account based on eco-efficiency theory and method of MFA. The indicators include regional direct coo-efficiency, regional total eco-efficiency and whole eco-efficiency. The regional ecoefficiency in three aspects of Jiangsu Province was evaluated on the basis of regional material flow analysis with the evidence from Jiangsu Province in 1995-2005. The results showed. （1）the regional direct ecoefficiency of Jiangsu Province was much higher than that of China in the same period. The regional total eco-efficiency and whole eeo-efficiency was comparatively low,which was 15 % -22 % and 7 %-8% of regional direct eco-efficiency, respectively （2）direct eco-efficiency increased significantly from 1995 to 2000 and then decreased. The reasons were that the material and resource productivity did not increased significantly and the proportion of heavy industry in the industrial structure increased in recent years; （3）the variation of whole eco-efficieney was similar with that of direct eco-effieieney because the import of material and resource significantly increased; （4）total eco-effieiency increased significantly from 1995 to 2000 and then increased slowly in recent years. Based on the thoroughly analysis and discussions on the results and their causes, authors thought that rapid development of the economic of Jiangsu Province also affected the resource and environment of Jiangsu Province and its import regions of material and resource. According to the development status of Jiangsu Province, the paper explored the potential solutions that will improve eco-efficiency in Jiangsu.
出处
《长江流域资源与环境》
CAS
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第10期890-895,共6页
Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAC02A18)
关键词
区域生态效率
物质流分析
江苏省
regional coo-efficiency
MFA （material flow analysis） Jiangsu Province
