摘要
《国家人权行动计划(2021-2025年)》新增并单独列出了“个人信息权益”的术语,并将它放置到第二部分“公民权利和政治权利”当中。虽然学界结合《个人信息保护法》第1条“根据宪法,制定本法”,对个人信息保护所涉及的宪法上基本权利加以论证,但是这种“基本权利说”并没有充分重视对《宪法》第33条“人权条款”的规范解读。与此同时,民法教义也对这种宪法证成提出怀疑,并基于权利与权益的二分对“个人信息权益”的人权适格性提出质疑。基于对客观价值秩序论的反思批判,一种主体性、系统性、历史性、时代性的“人权价值道路”理论证成了个人信息权益的人权属性。这种理论分析了《宪法》第33条的“人权条款”与《宪法》第38条的“人格尊严”在历史中的观念关联性,揭示了人格尊严在“人身(第37条)-住宅(第39条)-通信(第40条)-个人信息”场域所扩散的“差序格局”,从而说明了人权价值道路在数字经济时代中指向了作为人权的个人信息权益。
The Human Rights Action Plan of China(2021-2025)introduces and separately lists the term“Individuals'Information Rights”and places it within the second section,“Civil and Political Rights”.Although academia has combined Article 1 of the Personal Information Protection Law,which states“this Law is enacted in accordance with the Constitution,”to argue for the constitutional basis of the fundamental rights involved in personal information protection,this“basic rights theory”does not adequately emphasize the normative interpretation of Article 33 of the Constitution,which concerns“human rights clause”.At the same time,civil law doctrines also cast doubt on this constitutional argument and question the human rights eligibility of“Individuals'Information Rights”based on the division between rights and interests.Through reflection and criticism of objective value order theory,a theory of the“human rights value path,”characterized by subjectivity,systematicity,historicity,and contemporaneity,has emerged and proved the human rights attribute of individuals'information rights.This theoretical framework analyzes the conceptual correlation between Article 33 of the Constitution,which contains the“human rights clause,”and Article 38 of the Constitution,which pertains to“personal dignity,”throughout history.It reveals the diffusion of personal dignity in the fields of“person(Article 37),residence(Article 39),communication(Article 40),and personal information,”and elucidates the“hierarchical pattern”that emerges.This explanation demonstrates that the path of human rights values points toward personal information rights as human rights in the digital economy era.
出处
《人权》
CSSCI
2024年第1期94-118,共25页
Human Rights
基金
2019年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“大数据、人工智能背景下的公安法治建设研究”(项目批准号:19ZDA165)
国家重点研发计划“面向IPv6的网络空间国际治理联合研发与示范项目”(项目批准号:2020YFE0200500)的阶段性成果。
关键词
宪法
个人信息权益
人格尊严
人权
Constitution
Personal Information Rights
Personal Dignity
Human Rights
