摘要
[目的]探究云南省大理烤烟生产中有机肥配施生物炭的实际意义,从土壤养分转化、烟株的生长发育、烟株内部的碳氮代谢及烟叶的产质量4个方面展开研究。[方法]采用大田试验,设置只施加有机肥(Y)、只施加生物炭(S)和有机肥配施生物炭(Y+S)3个处理。各处理间C、N、P、K元素投入量保持一致。[结果]Y+S和Y处理较S处理更有利于烟株株高、茎围和叶面积的形成;植株中氮代谢相关酶活性与碳代谢相关酶活性均为Y+S最佳,且烟株生物量最大,上部烤后烟叶Y+S处理较Y和S处理增加水溶性糖、还原糖分别为8.30~8.95、4.90~6.09百分点,糖碱比和氮碱比分别为6.29~6.97和0.22~0.27,较S处理显著降低烟碱含量0.82百分点;中部烤后烟叶,Y+S处理较Y处理显著降低烟碱含量0.38百分点,增加了中上等烟比例,增加幅度分别为0.09和0.24;增加烤后烟叶产量分别为186.15和510.9 kg/hm^(2),显著增加烤后烟叶产值分别为20391.45和27688.8元/hm^(2)。[结论]有机肥配施生物炭的处理农艺性状和相关酶活性、土壤中有机质含量、全氮等养分都高于其他处理,显著增加了产量和产值。有机肥配施生物炭有利于进一步提高大理湾桥植烟区烟叶质量。
[Objective]To explore the practical significance of organic fertilizer combined with biochar in the production of flue-cured tobacco in Dali,Yunnan Province,the study was carried out from four aspects:the transformation of soil nutrients,the growth and development of tobacco plants,the carbon and nitrogen metabolism in tobacco plants and the yield and quality of tobacco leaves.[Method]The field experiment was conducted,and three treatments were set up:applying only organic fertilizer(Y),applying only biochar(S)and applying organic fertilizer with biochar(Y+S).The input amount of C,N,P and K elements in each treatment room was consistent.[Result]Y+S and Y treatments were more beneficial to the formation of plant height,stem circumference and leaf area than S treatments;the activities of nitrogen metabolism-related enzymes and carbon metabolism-related enzymes in the plant were the best in Y+S,and the biomass of the tobacco plant was the largest.Compared with Y and S treatments,the water soluble sugar and reducing sugar in the upper flue-cured tobacco leaves were increased by 8.30-8.95 and 4.90-6.09 percentage points,respectively,and the ratio of sugar to alkali and potassium to chlorine was 6.29-6.97 and 0.22-0.27,significantly reducing the nicotine content by 0.82%;Compared with Y treatment,Y+S treatment significantly reduced the nicotine content by 0.38 percentage points and increased the proportion of equal tobacco,with an increase of 0.09 and 0.24 respectively;the output of flue-cured tobacco increased by 186.15 and 510.9 kg/hm^(2)respectively,and the output value of flue-cured tobacco increased significantly by 20391.45 and 27688.8 yuan/hm^(2)respectively.[Conclusion]The treatment of organic fertilizer combined with biochar is higher than other treatments in agronomic traits and related enzyme activities,organic matter content in soil,total nitrogen and other nutrients,significantly increasing the yield and output value.The application of organic fertilizer combined with biochar is beneficial to further impro
作者
蒋弢
张涛
李修贤
单蕖
溥崇翔
朱毅
赵正雄
JIANG Tao;ZHANG Tao;LI Xiu-xian(Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 650000)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2024年第7期163-168,186,共7页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
红塔集团科技计划项目(2020YL03)。
关键词
有机肥
生物炭
烤烟
生长发育
烟叶质量
Organic fertilizer
Biochar
Flue-cured tobacco
Growth and development
Tobacco quality
