摘要
目的了解2015和2021年职业高中(以下简称"职高")已发生性行为学生性安全知识、拒绝无套性行为自我效能、对学校性教育和HIV/STD预防教育评价和性行为的变化情况。方法分别于2015和2021年对浙江省中部地区某区同一所职高一年级和二年级的学生采用同一问卷、同样调查方法分别开展匿名调查。对两次调查结果进行单因素分析比较,对在单因素分析中分布差异具有统计学意义的变量继续进行多因素分析。结果在2015年和2021年分别调查职高学生1 839人和1 960人,性行为发生率分别为14.5%(266/1 839)和6.5%(128/1 960)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:已经发生性行为的学生中,认为性接触是HIV主要传播途径(OR=16.73,95%CI:9.25~30.24),认为得了STD更容易感染HIV(OR=9.66,95%CI:5.67~16.44),认为使用安全套可以减少STD感染(OR=15.50,95%CI:8.58~28.00)和HIV感染(OR=10.21,95%CI:8.03~17.64),能拒绝发生无套性行为(OR=2.71,95%CI:1.65~4.42),接受过学校性教育和HIV/STD预防教育并评价其为"好"(OR=6.51,95%CI:3.46~12.27);研究对象发生过口交(OR=2.62,95%CI:1.58~4.33)和肛交(OR=2.20,95%CI:1.14~4.46)、坚持安全套使用(OR=2.70,95%CI:1.58~4.61)、曾经采用安全套避孕(OR=4.07,95%CI:2.34~7.08),2021年的比例显著高于2015年,而自己或性伴怀孕经历(OR=0.19,95%CI:0.04~0.96)则相反。结论 2021年与2015年比较,已发生性行为职高学生的性安全知识、拒绝无套性行为自我效能、对学校性教育和HIV/STD预防教育评价以及性行为发生了正向变化,但这些正向变化的影响还不足以达到预防和阻断HIV/STD传播的目的。
Objective To understand the characteristics of changes on knowledge of sexual safety,self-efficacy of rejecting condomless sex,sex education and HIV/STD prevention education in school,and sexual behaviors among sexually active students in a vocational high school in 2015 and 2021.Methods Anonymous surveys were conducted in 2015 and 2021 among the first and second-year students from the same vocational high school in a district of central Zhejiang Province using the same questionnaire and survey method.The results of the two surveys were compared by univariate analysis,and the variables showing statistically significant differences were further compared by multivariate analysis.Results In 2015 and 2021,a total of 1839 and 1960 students were surveyed with sexual activity rates of 14.5%(266/1839)and 6.5%(128/1960),respectively.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the proportions of sexually active students knowing that sexual contact was the main way of HIV transmission(OR=16.73,95%CI:9.25-30.24),knowing that having STD increased the risk of HIV infection(OR=9.66,95%CI:5.67-16.44),knowing that using condoms could reduce STD infection(OR=15.50,95%CI:8.58-28.00)and HIV infection(OR=10.21,95%CI:8.03-17.64),being able to reject condomless sex(OR=2.71,95%CI:1.65-4.42),receiving school sex education and STD/HIV prevention education and rating it as good(OR=6.51,95%CI:3.46-12.27);engaging in oral sex(OR=2.62,95%CI:1.58-4.33)and anal sex(OR=2.20,95%CI:1.14-4.46),having used condom consistently(OR=2.70,95%CI:1.58-4.61),having used condom for contraception(OR=4.07,95%CI:2.34-7.08)in 2021 were significantly higher in those in 2015.While the proportion of personal or partner pregnancy experience was the opposite(OR=0.19,95%CI:0.04-0.96).Conclusions Compared to 2015,there has been positive changes in the knowledge of sexual safety,self-efficacy in rejecting condomless sex,evaluation of sex education and HIV/STD prevention education in school,and sexual behaviors among the sexually active students in 2021.However
作者
赵湘
黄玉
王憓
Zhao Xiang;Huang Yu;Wang Hui(Department of Health Education,Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Hangzhou 310051,China;Department of HIV/STD Prevention and Control,Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Hangzhou 310051,China)
出处
《国际流行病学传染病学杂志》
CAS
2024年第1期56-62,共7页
International Journal of Epidemiology and Infectious Disease
关键词
性行为
职业高中
学生
性安全知识
特征分析
Sexual behavior
Vocational high school
Students
Sexual safety knowledge
Descriptive analysis
