摘要
【目的】探明腐植酸肥施用条件下不同钙镁离子质量浓度对灌水器堵塞物质形成的影响效应与作用机制。【方法】以微咸水中钙镁离子耦合腐植酸肥滴灌为研究对象,选取4种不同额定流量(1.6、1.1、1.4、1.75 L/h)的非压力补偿内镶贴片式灌水器(FE1—FE4),其中设置3组钙离子质量浓度微咸水处理,离子质量浓度分别为100、150、200 mg/L(G1、G2、G3),3组镁离子质量浓度微咸水处理,离子质量浓度分别为100、150、200 mg/L(M1、M2、M3),以地下微咸水灌溉为对照(CK),研究不同离子质量浓度的灌水器平均流量(Dra)、滴灌系统灌水器的堵塞率分布、灌水器堵塞物质干质量(DW)动态变化规律,并分析了灌水器内部堵塞物质矿物组分。【结果】与CK相比,G1、G2、G3、M1、M2、M3处理的Dra分别降低了21.58%~29.68%、35.02%~39.71%、45.62%~55.68%、14.25%~20.41%、24.89%~45.69%、35.22%~56.75%,堵塞物质干质量分别增加了124.62%~178.49%、174.23%~230.33%、235.59%~270.09%、67.14%~120.28%、136.96%~191.18%、203.54%~213.35%。与G1、G2、G3处理相比,质量浓度相同镁离子处理M1、M2、M3处理的堵塞物质干质量分别降低了16.41%~27.26%、4.77%~13.60%、6.82%~15.34%。【结论】钙镁离子质量浓度的增加均显著加剧了灌水器的堵塞;在相同离子质量浓度条件下,镁离子处理显著减少了灌水器内堵塞物质的总量,因此镁离子在一定程度上能够降低灌水器堵塞风险。
【Objective】Drip fertigation is an irrigation technique increasingly used to simultaneously irrigate and fertilize crops grown in different environments.However,calcium and magnesium in the water could react chemically to precipitate,clogging the irrigator as a result.In this paper,we experimentally study the impact of calcium and magnesium concentration on irrigator clogging in drip fertigation using brackish water and humic acid fertilizer.【Method】In this experiment,four types of irrigators(FE1,FE2,FE3,FE4)with different rated flow rates(1.6,1.1,1.4,1.75 L/h)were selected,in which three groups of brackish water treatments with calcium ion mass concentration,with ion mass concentrations of 100,150 and 200 mg/L(G1,G2,G3),and three groups of brackish water treatments with magnesium ion mass concentration,with ion mass concentrations of 100,150 and 200 mg/L(M1,M2,M3).In each treatment,fertigation using local groundwater was taken as the control(CK),we measured the average flow rate in the irrigator(Dra),clogging distribution in the irrigator,the dry mass of clogging materials(DW),and mineral fraction of the clogging materials in the irrigator.【Result】Compared to CK,fertigation using water with elaborated Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+)concentration and humic acid fertilizer increased Dra by 21.58%to 56.75%,and DW by 67.14%to 270.09%,respectively,with the increase depending on dripping rate and Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+)concentration.When Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+)concentration was the same,increasing dripping rate reduced DW by 4.77%to 27.26%,with the reduction depending on Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+)concentration.【Conclusion】Increasing calcium and magnesium concentration in the fertigation water significantly increased irrigator clogging.When calcium and magnesium concentration was the same,an increase in magnesium concentration significantly reduced the mass of clogged materials due to the reduced carbonate.Thus,increasing magnesium ion can ameliorate irrigator clogging and reduce the risk of irrigator blockage.
作者
贺新
刘新宇
周龙
赵校
刘鹏
苏艳平
周铸
李薇
HE Xin;LIU Xinyu;ZHOU Long;ZHAO Xiao;LIU Peng;SU Yanping;ZHOU Zhu;LI Wei(China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;Jiangsu Province Water Engineering Sci-tech Consulting Corp,Ltd,Nanjing 210023,China;Beijing Municipal Water Bureau Government Service Center,Beijing 100038,China)
出处
《灌溉排水学报》
CAS
CSCD
2024年第3期94-102,共9页
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51909265)
兵团财政科技计划项目(2021DB017)
中国农业大学校级(URP)大学生创新创业训练计划项目(X2022100190655)。
关键词
微咸水
钙镁离子
灌水器堵塞
腐植酸肥
brackish water
calcium and magnesium ions
clogged irrigators
humic acid fertilizer
