摘要
人参皂苷Rb1是人参中的主要皂苷之一,但人体吸收量极少,而其衍生物Rg3、Rk1、Rg5却易于人体吸收,但其制备和分离成本较高。针对以上问题将人参皂苷Rb1在50%乙醇水溶液体系和无水乙醇体系中进行催化条件的优化,并分析其产物。实验发现,通过对金属离子催化效果的筛选,选取NbCl_(5)为反应催化剂;在50%乙醇水溶液体系中最优条件下反应,Rg3得率为18.29%;在无水乙醇体系中最优条件下反应,Rg3得率为49.45%。根据两组反应产物的对比,推测在50%乙醇水溶液体系反应时,水可能供给电子基团,并生成更多水合化合物即20(S)-25-OH-Rg3和20(R)-25-OH-Rg3;在无水乙醇体系反应时,电子基团可能无法供给,形成双键,生成其他化合物即Rk1和Rg5。该发现为金属离子催化人参皂苷以制备稀有人参皂苷的方法奠定了理论基础。
Ginsenoside Rb1,a major saponin found in ginseng,has limited absorption in the human body.However,its derivatives Rg3,Rk1,and Rg5 are more easily absorbed,albeit with high preparation and separation costs.To address these challenges,the catalysis of ginsenoside Rb1 was optimized in both a 50%ethanol aqueous solution and anhydrous ethanol system,followed by product analysis.NbCl_(5) was selected as the catalyst after screening various metal ions for their catalytic effects.Under optimal conditions using a 50%ethanol aqueous solution,the yield of Rg3 reached 18.29%.Similarly,under optimal conditions using the anhydrous ethanol system,the yield of Rg3 increased to 49.45%.A comparison of the reaction products from these two systems suggests that the presence of water in the 50%ethanol aqueous solution provides electron groups,leading to hydration compounds such as 20(S)-25-OH-Rg3 and 20(R)-25-OH-Rg3.In contrast,the anhydrous ethanol system lacks water molecules and electron groups,resulting in the formation of double bonds and other compounds like Rk1 and Rg5.This discovery establishes a theoretical foundation for the preparation of rare ginsenosides through metal ion-catalyzed reactions.
作者
曹波岩
徐丝瑜
李冠亨
王宇
鱼红闪
CAO Bo-yan;XU Si-yu;LI Guan-heng;WANG Yu;YU Hong-shan(College of Biological Engineering,Dalian Polytechnic University,Dalian 116000,China)
出处
《化学试剂》
CAS
2024年第4期88-93,共6页
Chemical Reagents
