摘要
目的 研究高强度间歇训练(HIIT)对足球运动员运动表现的影响。方法 搜索Web of Science、Pubmed、Ebsco和中国知网等数据库,采用PEDro改良量表对纳入文献进行质量评价。结果 纳入38篇,均为实验类,平均17.45分;球员峰值摄氧量、峰值功率和血乳酸浓度有显著差异,个别研究存在异质性;与高容量训练(HVT)、持续强度耐力训练(CIET)和中等强度持续训练(MICT)的心肺功能指标效应量对比存在分歧;心肺耐力和肌耐力相关指标有显著差异,冲刺、垂直纵跳和灵敏指标存在分歧;专项能力指标有显著差异,且效应量小于小场地比赛(SSG)。结论 HIIT可以改善球员的有氧和无氧代谢能力,但存在个体反应异常现象,多见于青春期前;对有氧能力的提升并不一定优于HVT、CIET和MICT等大负荷量持续训练,但有高时效性;对下肢爆发力、冲刺和灵敏的作用受多种因素制约;对专项能力的提高效果低于SSG。
Objective To study the effect of high intensity interval training(HIIT)on the athletic performance of football players.Methods The databases of Web of Science,Pubmed,Ebsco and CNKI were searched,and the quality of the included literatures was evaluated by PEDro improvement scale.Results 38 studies were included,all of which were experimental,with an average score of 17.45.There were significant differences in peak oxygen uptake,peak power and blood lactate concentration,and there was heterogeneity in individual studies.The effect size of cardiopulmonary function index was different from that of high-volume training(HVT),continuous intensity endurance training(CIET)and moderate intensity sustained training(MICT).There were significant differences in cardiopulmonary endurance and muscle endurance,but there were differences in sprint,vertical jump and agility.There were significant differences in specific ability indexes,and the effect size was smaller than that of small field competition(SSG).Conclusion HIIT can improve the aerobic and anaerobic metabolic capacity of players,but there are abnormal individual responses,most of which occur before puberty.The improvement of aerobic capacity is not necessarily better than HVT,CIET and MICT continuous training with large loads,but it has high timeliness.It can improve the endurance level of players,and the effect on the explosive power,sprint and agility of lower limbs is affected by many factors.The improvement effect of special ability is lower than that of SSG.
作者
张峰
翟元
张冰
ZHANG Feng;ZHAI Yuan;ZHANG Bing(School of Athletic Performance,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;Department of Physical Education,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing Jiangsu,211106;Department of Physical Education Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang Hebei,050018)
出处
《湖北体育科技》
2024年第2期75-85,共11页
Hubei Sports Science
基金
上海市教育科学研究课题(C2022240)。
关键词
身体机能
基础体能
专项技能
训练负荷
physiological function
strength and conditioning
special skill
training load
