摘要
针对目前园林剩余物资源浪费,收集加工机械设备研究不足的问题,设计了一款履带自走式园林剩余物收集粉碎装置,对其关键部件粉碎刀辊进行结构受力分析基础上,利用EDEM软件对粉碎过程进行仿真试验,分析了主轴转速、动刀与定刀间隙、动刀安装偏置角度、刀片数量等参数对粉碎粒度标准差和粉碎效率的影响规律,最终选择主轴转速、动刀与定刀的间隙、动刀安装偏置角度、刀片数量为主要试验因素,设计了L25(56)四因素五水平混合正交试验,获得影响粉碎效率和粉碎粒度标准差的关键参数。结果表明:影响树木枝条粉碎粒度标准差的主要试验因素是动刀与定刀间隙,其次是动刀安装偏置角度,然后是主轴转速和刀片数量;而影响粉碎效率的主要因素是主轴转速,其次是刀片数量,最后是动刀安装偏置角度和动定刀间隙。根据不同的粉碎目的要求,最终确定优化方案为主轴转速2 400 r·min^(-1),单刃偏锋45°刀,安装偏置角度为10°,动刀与定刀的最小间隙为8~10 mm。根据优化参数加工制作试验样机,最终获得该装置对不同含水率不同直径的枝条粉碎效率为424~1 260 kg·h^(-1),粉碎粒度标准差为3.44~4.56,耗油量最低为7.41 L·t^(-1)等参数,该装置可为园林剩余物收集粉碎装置的设计和生产提供参考。
A crawler self-walking type garden waste collection and crushing device was designed to solve the problems of the current surplus resources of garden waste and the insufficient research on processing and mechanical equipment.Based on the structural force analysis of the key components,the crushing knife roller,simulation experiment of the crushing process was conducted using EDEM software.The influence of spindle speed,the clearance between the moving and fixed cutters,the installation bias angle of moving cutter,and the number of blades on standard deviation of crushed particle size and crushing efficiency are analyzed.Finally Taking the four parameters as experimental factors,a four-factor five level mixed orthogonal experiment L25(56)was designed,to obtain the key parameters that affect the crushing efficiency and the standard deviation of the crushing particle size.The results show that the main factors affecting the standard deviation of the particle size of tree branches are the gap between the moving and fixed cutters,followed by the installation bias angle of the blade,then the spindle speed and the number of blades.The main factors affecting the crushing efficiency are the spindle speed,then the number of blades,and finally the installation bias angle of the moving blade and the clearance between the moving and fixed cutters.According to different requirements of crushing purpose,the optimized parameters are finally determined to be the spindle speed of 2400 r·min^(-1),the single blade offset of 45°,the installation bias angle of 10°,and the minimum gap between the moving and the fixed blade is 8-10 mm.According to the optimized parameters,the test prototype was processed and manufactured,and the crushing efficiency of the device for branches with different water contents and diameters is 424-1260 kg·h^(-1),the standard deviation of the crushing particle size is 3.44-4.56,and the minimum fuel consumption is 7.41 L·t^(-1).These parameters may provide reference for the design and production of the gar
作者
刘德军
晁浚淇
苏俊锋
邱硕
LIU De-jun;CHAO Jun-qi;SU Jun-feng;QIU Shuo(College of Engineering,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China)
出处
《沈阳农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期722-731,共10页
Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32171900)
辽宁省农业农村厅关于北方设施蔬菜全程机械化科研基地建设项目(辽农机[2021]202号)。
关键词
园林剩余物
树木枝条
收集粉碎
粉碎刀辊
garden residues
branch
collection and crushing
crushing roller
