摘要
如何管理保护区内矿业活动是大部分矿业国家面临的共同课题,典型国家制定保护区规划较早,目前已经做出了很多制度性探索,为我国进一步制定自然保护地内矿业权差别化管理政策提供了经验借鉴。本文以美国、澳大利亚、加拿大、芬兰等国家为例,总结梳理了各国的自然保护地区内矿业活动在准入、运营、处置等不同阶段的管理模式,从保护区规划、法律制度、机构建设和管理机制四方面提炼出共性特点。同时,结合我国生态保护红线与矿产资源开发活动间面临的矛盾,提出启示和建议。
How to manage the mining activities in nature reserves is a common issue faced by countries with mining industries.The planning of protected areas has long existed in these countries,and many policy adjustments have been made to meet the need to balance the protected areas and the mining areas,which provides experience for China to further differentiated management of mining rights in nature reserves.Taking the United States,Australia,Canada,Finland and other countries as examples,this paper summarizes the management modes of mining activities in nature reserves in different mining stages,such as mining right authorization,mining operation and mining right withdrawal.The paper concludes the common characteristics from four aspects:national reserve planning,legal system,organization construction and management mechanism.At the same time,combined with the contradiction between the ecological red line and mining activities in China,suggestions are put forward.
作者
张凤仪
冯聪
ZHANG Fengyi;FENG Cong(Consulting&Research Center,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100035,China)
出处
《上海国土资源》
2024年第1期6-10,32,共6页
Shanghai Land & Resources
基金
中国地质调查局科研项目“矿业权管理制度及重大政策跟踪评估”(121103000000180021)。
关键词
矿产资源
矿业权管理
自然保护区
国家公园
差别化管理
国际经验
mineral resources
mining right management
natural protected areas
national parks
differentiated management
international experiences
