摘要
赐胙礼作为一种天子赠与诸侯祭肉的仪式,源于天子与诸侯分享祭肉的礼仪。天亡簋铭文显示,周武王时期已经出现了诸侯参与助祭和分食祭肉的仪式,这种仪式为后来的统治者所继承并发展成为一种常规的礼制——食膰礼。赐胙礼则是在王权走向衰弱而诸侯走向崛起的特殊政治环境中,由食膰礼发展而来的一种变体。赐胙礼表现为周天子将祭肉赐予强大的诸侯,在表彰诸侯功业的同时,换取诸侯的政治支持。赐胙礼对周天子与诸侯之间的政治关系有一定的维系作用,同时象征了政治天命由天子向诸侯的让渡。随着周王朝政治体系的崩溃,赐胙礼也走向消亡。
The ritual of giving sacrificial meat came from the ritual of sharing sacrifice meat between the King and the vassals.In the period of King Wu of Zhou dynasty,the vassals had begun to participate in the the ritual of offering sacrifices and sharing sacrifices,which was inherited by later rulers and became a ritual system.With the change of the political relationship between the emperor and the princes,this etiquette has also been evloved to Cizuo(赐胙).Because of the decline of the king’s authority,the king tried to strengthen the political relationship with the vassals by giving sacrificial meat.Although this ritual played a certain role in maintaining the political relationship between the king and the feudal princes,it gradually evolved into a symbolic political ritual with the collaspe of political system of Zhou dynasty.
出处
《中原文化研究》
2024年第2期67-74,共8页
The Central Plains Culture Research
基金
国家社会科学基金中国历史研究院重大历史问题研究专项2021年度重大招标项目“中华文明起源与先秦君主政体演进研究”(LSYZD21007)。
关键词
西周
脤膰
天亡簋
天命
诸侯霸政
the Western Zhou dynasty
Shen-fan(脤膰)
Tianwang-gui
the mandate of heaven
princes hegemony
