摘要
清溪乌鳖(Qingxi black strain of Pelodiscus sinensis)是基于太湖花鳖(Taihu strain of P.sinensis)体色黑化个体选育而成的新品种,为研究体色黑化对中华鳖群体分化的影响,通过测定太湖花鳖、清溪乌鳖的23项形态学指标、3项生物学指标及营养组成,对太湖花鳖和清溪乌鳖种质性状进行系统评估。结果显示:(1)形态学指标的主成分分析、聚类分析结果一致且两者形态差异主要表现在背甲、腹甲、四肢和头部的形态差异;差异系数分析结果显示两者尚未达到亚种分化水平。(2)太湖花鳖的可食净重占比显著高于清溪乌鳖;而背甲重占比,太湖花鳖显著低于清溪乌鳖。(3)太湖花鳖肌肉中的粗蛋白含量(♂:18.15%,♀:18.08%)显著低于清溪乌鳖(♂:18.85%,♀:18.89%);而粗脂肪含量,太湖花鳖(♂:0.56%,♀:0.56%)显著高于清溪乌鳖(♂:0.43%,♀:0.45%)。(4)清溪乌鳖肌肉中的必需氨基酸/非必需的含量比值(♂:84.44%,♀:85.54%)和呈味氨基酸/总氨基酸的含量比值(♂:38.65%,♀:38.35%)显著高于太湖花鳖(♂:80.59%,♀:81.82%)、(♂:37.88%,♀:37.36%);而必需氨基酸/总氨基酸的含量比值(太湖花鳖♂:50.46%,♀:50.70%;清溪乌鳖♂:51.01%,♀:51.44%),两者之间无显著差异;太湖花鳖裙边中的羟脯氨酸含量(♂:16.08%,♀:16.12%)显著高于清溪乌鳖(♂:15.77%,♀:15.69%)。(5)太湖花鳖和清溪乌鳖肌肉中饱和脂肪酸含量(太湖花鳖♂:31.89%,♀:30.92%;清溪乌鳖♂:31.64%,♀:32.88%)、单不饱和脂肪酸含量(太湖花鳖♂:30.50%,♀:30.160%;清溪乌鳖♂:30.55%,♀:30.71%)、多不饱和脂肪酸含量(太湖花鳖♂:30.94%,♀:30.58%;清溪乌鳖♂:31.98%,♀:32.72%)和EPA+DHA的含量(太湖花鳖♂:12.63%,♀:12.39%;清溪乌鳖♂:12.98%,♀:12.82%)基本接近,仅在个别脂肪酸的含量存在显著差异。
Qingxi black strain of Pelodiscus sinensis is a new breed,which is selected from blackened individuals in the Taihu strain of P.sinensis.Compared Taihu strain and Qingxi black strain through methods including measuring 23 morphological indexes,3 biological indexes and detection of nutrient composition to study the effect of skin blackened on the population differentiation of Chinese soft-shell turtle..The result provided reference for future conservation and artificial selection of Chinese soft-shell turtles.The results of analysis through principal component and cluster analysis were consistent,and the morphological differences between the two strains of Chinese soft-shell turtle were focused on indexes,including carapace,plastron,limbs and head.The analysis of the difference coefficient showed that they hadn’t yet reached the level of subspecies differentiation.The percentage of edible portion of weight of Taihu strains was significantly higher than that of Qingxi black strain;while the significantly lower of carapace’s weight was detected in Taihu strain than that in Qingxi black strain.The crude protein content in the muscle of Taihu strain(♂:18.15%,♀:18.08%)was significantly lower than that of Qingxi black strain(♂:18.85%,♀:18.89%);while the crude fat content of Taihu strain(♂:0.56%,♀:0.56%)was significantly higher than that of Qingxi black strain(♂:0.43%,♀:0.456%).The ratio of essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids(EAAs/NEAAs,♂:84.44%,♀:85.54%)and the ratio of delicious amino acids to total amino acids(DAAs/TAAs,♂:38.65%,♀:38.35%)in muscle of Qingxi black strain was significantly higher than that of Taihu strain(EAAs/NEAAs,♂:80.59%,♀:81.82%;DAAs/TAAs,♂:37.88%,♀:37.36%);while there was no significant difference in the ratio of essential amino acids to total amino acids(EAAs/TAAs,Taihu strain:♂:50.46%,♀:50.70%;Qingxi black strain:♂:51.01%,♀:51.44%);the content of hydroxyproline(Hyp)in soft apron of Taihu strain(♂:16.08%,♀:16.12%)was significantly hig
作者
齐明
刘伟
周钦
陈则
王扬
马文君
杨珍
施文瑞
孟庆辉
郑天伦
QI Ming;LIU Wei;ZHOU Qin;CHEN Ze;WANG Yang;MA Wenjun;YANG Zhen;SHI Wenrui;MENG Qinghui;ZHENG Tianlun(Zhejiang Fisheries Technical Extension Station,Hangzhou 310012,China;College of Life Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Meihua Aquaculture Farm,Jiashan County,Zhejiang Province,Jiaxing 314100,Zhejiang,China)
出处
《淡水渔业》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期93-104,共12页
Freshwater Fisheries
基金
浙江省农业(水产新品种选育)新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02069-8-2)
浙江省“三农九方”科技协作计划项目(2022SNJF072
2021SNLF025)。
