摘要
目的了解2019—2022年南阳居民健康素养水平及及其变化趋势,探讨居民健康素养影响因素,评价工作效果,为制定健康促进相关政策策略提供科学依据。方法采用分层多阶段随机抽样方法,对全市15~69岁的常住居民进行抽样,使用《全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷》进行调查,应用SPSS 21.0软件对2019—2022年南阳市居民健康素养监测数据进行分析。结果2019—2022年,南阳市居民健康素养总体水平从15.57%增长到29.76%,年均增长4.73%(χ_(趋势)^(2)=88.562,P<0.05)。三个方面素养中,基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、基本技能分别从20.87%、16.40%、18.95%增长到38.96%、30.16%、32.14%,年均增长量分别为6.03%、4.59%、4.40%(P均<0.05)。六类健康问题素养:安全与急救、科学健康观、健康信息、传染病防治、慢性病防治、基本医疗,年均增长量分别为5.87%、3.96%、6.36%、5.01%、3.46%、2.84%(P均<0.05)。结论南阳市居民健康素养水平呈逐年上升趋势,今后开展健康教育工作需加强老年人、低文化程度者和农民等重点人群的干预,及传染病防治、慢性病防治等健康问题的干预,促进居民健康素养快速提升。
Objective To understand the level and changing trend of health literacy,explore the influencing factors among residents in Nanyang from 2019 to 2022,evaluate the effect of relevant work,and provide scientific evidence for formulating policies relevant to health promotion.Methods Using multi-stage stratified random sampling method,the residents aged 15-69years in Nanyang city were sampled;the National Health Literacy Questionnaire for the Residents was used for investigation;SPSS 21.0 software was applied to analyze the health literacy monitoring data of the residents in Nanyang city during 2019-2022.Results From 2019 to 2022,the overall level of health literacy among residents in Nanyang city increased from 15.57% to 29.76%,with an average annual growth of 4.73%(χ_(trend)^(2)=88.562,P<0.05).Among the three aspects of literacy,basic knowledge and concepts,healthy lifestyle and behavior,and basic skills increased from 20.87%,16.40%,and 18.95% to 38.96%,30.16%,and 32.14%,respectively,with an average annual growth rate of 6.03%,4.59%,and 4.40%(all P<0.05),respectively.The literacy of the six categories of health questions:safety and first aid,scientific health concept,health information,prevention and treatment of infectious diseases,prevention and treatment of chronic diseases and basic medical care,the average annual increasing rate were 5.87%,3.96%,6.36%,5.01%,3.46% and 2.84%(all P<0.05),respectively.Conclusions The level of health literacy among residents in Nanyang shows an increasing trend year by year.In the future,health education intervention should be strengthened in the key groups such as the elderly,low education level and farmers,and in the key health issues such as the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases and chronic diseases so as to rapidly improve the health literacy among the residents.
作者
何旺杰
HE Wangjie(Nanyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanyang 473000,China)
出处
《现代疾病预防控制》
2024年第2期160-164,F0003,共6页
MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION
关键词
居民
健康素养
变化趋势
影响因素
Residents:Health literacy:Changing trend
Influencing factors
