摘要
慢性病已成为威胁人类生命健康的头号敌人,而病耻感是慢性病患者常见的心理问题,严重的病耻感不仅会影响患者自身的疾病管理与治疗,更有可能导致抑郁症的发生,威胁患者生命健康。国外对慢性病患者病耻感的研究已取得一定进展,设计出一系列慢性病病耻感测量量表,并提出干预措施以缓解病耻感带来的负面影响,而国内相关研究较为匮乏。对慢性病病耻感的测量量表、影响因素及干预措施进行梳理总结,有利于为我国慢性病管理与预防工作提供相关依据。通过梳理发现,现有研究缺乏针对性的,尤其是适应我国慢性病患者特点的不同类型慢性病病耻感测量量表及相对应的干预措施。另外,部分慢性病病耻感影响因素研究结论仍存在争议,如年龄、病程、住院次数等。因此,未来我国慢性病病耻感的相关研究可重点关注以下3个方面:一是从宏观整体到微观个体,设计出更适应我国患者特点的、更有效的普适性量表与针对性量表;二是发现更准确、更具代表性的影响因素;三是围绕“污名化问题”“患者情绪”2个中心设计出更有效的干预措施,只有这样才能进一步建设好“健康中国2030”。
Chronic diseases have become the leading threat to human beings,and stigma is a common psychological issue among chronic disease patients.Severe stigma not only affects patients'disease management and treatment but can also cause the onset of depression,posing a threat to patients'health.Global research on stigma in chronic disease patients has made certain progress,with the development of a series of measurement scales for chronic disease stigma and the proposal of intervention measures to alleviate the negative impact of stigma.However,research in China in this area is relatively scarce.Therefore,summarizing and reviewing the measurement scales,influencing factors,and intervention measures for chronic disease stigma is beneficial for providing a basis for the management and prevention of chronic diseases in China.Through the review,it was found that existing research lacks more targeted measurement scales,especially those adapted to the characteristics of Chinese chronic disease patients,including different types of chronic disease stigma scales and corresponding intervention measures.Additionally,some conclusions regarding the influencing factors of chronic disease stigma remain controversial,such as age,disease duration,and hospitalization frequency.Therefore,future research on chronic disease stigma in China can focus on the following three aspects:first,designing more universal and targeted scales that are better adapted to the characteristics of Chinese patients,from a macro perspective to a micro individual level;second,identifying more accurate and representative influencing factors;and third,designing more effective intervention measures centered around"stigmatization issues"and"patient emotions".Only by doing so can we better implement the"Healthy China 2030"initiative.
作者
孙悦
陈成
吴进龙
毛郑唯
彭莉
Sun Yue;Chen Cheng;Wu Jinlong;Mao Zhengwei;Peng Li(College of Physical Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;College of Economics and Management,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)
出处
《保健医学研究与实践》
2023年第12期139-144,共6页
Health Medicine Research and Practice
基金
国家社科基金一般项目(21BTY092)。
关键词
慢性病病耻感
病耻感测量
病耻感影响因素
病耻感干预
Chronic disease stigma
Stigma measurement
Influencing factors of stigma
Stigma intervention
