摘要
关于第二次世界大战后美国在全球范围内建立“一体两翼”联盟体系的既有研究,更多地侧重对美国或美国作为主导国对盟国管控的使动性分析,缺乏对美国统领下的盟友及其对美国和美国同盟体系发挥能动作用的分层研究。本文围绕21世纪英国在美国主导的全球安全同盟体系中的作用,论述英国在其中扮演的一种地位,低于盟主(美国),但高于同盟其他成员,类似“副盟主”的“特殊”角色。在全球层面上,它率先响应盟主号召;在区域层面上,积极沟通、串联盟主与普通盟友关系;主动构建有利于盟主全球联盟体系的双边安全合作关系或“准联盟”关系。通过对2022年爆发并持续至今的乌克兰危机、2021年成立的“奥库斯”联盟和2023年英日签署的“对等准入协定”三个案例的分析,文章验证了英国维护美国主导下的“欧洲—大西洋”和“亚洲—太平洋”两翼同盟体系所发挥的“副盟主”作用,从同盟理论特别是联盟内部成员关系角度,对英美“特殊关系”的演化进行新的阐释,弥补了既有研究对美国主要盟友的能动性及其“特殊”角色层次分析等探讨的相对不足。
Most of the researches on the“One Body Two Wings”alliance system established by the United States after World War II have put an emphasis on analyzing the agency role of the US or the US as the leading country in controlling its allies,while there is a lack of hierarchical research on the allies under the US’leadership or on their active roles in the US alliance system.This article focuses on the role of the UK in the 21st Century in the global security alliance system led by the US,and argues that the it plays a“special”role similar to that of a“deputy alliance-leader”in which its status is lower than that of the alliance leader but higher than that of the other members.Firstly,at the global level,the UK takes the lead in responding to the call of the alliance leader.Secondly,it is taking an active role in communicating and connecting between the alliance leader and alliance members at the regional level.And thirdly,the UK is actively building bilateral security cooperative relationships or“quasi-alliances”that are conducive to the US global alliance system.By an analysis of three cases,including the Ukrainian crisis that broke out in 2022,the establishment of the“AUKUS”alliance in 2021,and the signing of the“Reciprocal Access Agreement”(RAA)between the UK and Japan in 2023 to strengthen bilateral defense cooperation,this article validates the“deputy alliance-leader”role played by the UK in maintaining the US-led global alliance systems with“Europe-Atlantic”and“Asia-Pacific”as two major wings,and therefore provides an innovative interpretation of the evolution of the“special relationship”between the UK and the US from the perspective of alliance theory,especially the internal member relationships among the alliance system.This study aims to contribute to current discussions on the relevant topic by filling the gap in existing researches on the autonomy and hierarchical analysis of the“special”role of the UK as a core ally of the US.
作者
赵纪周
赵晨
ZHAO Jizhou;ZHAO Chen
出处
《欧洲研究》
北大核心
2023年第6期80-108,I0004,共30页
Chinese Journal of European Studies
基金
2021年国家社会科学基金重大项目“欧洲对外战略调整与中欧美关系研究”(项目批准号:21&ZD171)的阶段性研究成果。
