摘要
特朗普政府的对外政策对现存国际体系与秩序造成巨大的破坏性影响,“占领国会山”政治闹剧的爆发预示着美国正式进入“后特朗普时代”。在美国国内,“后特朗普时代”持续强化的政治震荡包括政党极化对立加剧、政治意识形态冲突加深、政治议程设置更为受限。在国际层面,美国在全球治理机制中的权威性与合法性基础被破坏,美国同盟体系内部的信任危机加剧,大国战略竞合关系加速转向。拜登政府虽高调推动美国重返多边主义轨道,推动厘清大国战略竞合的限度,在多领域重塑美国的制度霸权,努力寻求“后特朗普时代”美国对外政策的调整程度与转向空间,但是也要应对满足国内政治诉求与谋求全球战略竞争优势之间的张力。虽然拜登政府释放了预期相对稳定的政策信号,但其对外政策仍然存在不确定性,侧重全球性议程的战略转向愈发明显,大国战略博弈中仍可能出现竞争管控恶化的局势。为应对美国对外政策的新转向,中国应积极探索全球性议题的有效合作路径,践行真正的多边主义,将中美大国竞争引导至制度性约束的战略轨道。
The foreign policy of the Trump administration is quite radical,which has a great destructive impact on the existing international system and order.The outbreak of the political farce of Occupying Capitol Hill also indicates that the United States has officially entered the post-trump era.At the domestic level,the political shocks continuously strengthened by the post-trump era include the intensification of polarization and opposition between political parties,the deepening of political ideological conflicts,and the more limited setting of political agenda.At the international level,they are reflected in the destruction of the authority and legitimacy of the global governance mechanism,the intensification of the trust crisis within the US alliance system,and the accelerated shift of the strategic competition and cooperation relationship between major powers.Although the Biden administration has made a high-profile push to return to the track of multilateralism,to clarify the limits of strategic competition and cooperation among major powers,to reshape the institutional hegemony of the United States in many fields,and to seek the adjustment limits and turning space of foreign policy in the post-trump era,it is also facing the tension of reasonable adaptation between responding to the demands of national internal governance and seeking global strategic competitive advantage.Although a certain policy signal of expected stability has been released,its foreign policy still faces uncertain problems,the strategic shift focusing on the global agenda is becoming more and more obvious,and there is still a potential possibility of deterioration of competition control in the strategic game of large countries.In order to cope with the new turn of U.S.foreign policy,China should actively explore effective cooperation paths on global issues,and guide the competition between China and the United States to the strategic track of institutional constraints by practicing real multilateralism.
出处
《阅江学刊》
2023年第4期128-140,174,共14页
Yuejiang Academic Journal
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“百年变局下全球化进路与人类命运共同体构建研究”(21&ZD173)。
