摘要
心学的根本特质是主张即用是体,亦即在承认理与性的本体地位的同时,还以作用层的本心为本体。本心不仅是道德实践之所以可能的超越根据,而且是体现在现实世界中的规范性力量。本心即是王阳明说的良知。良知是直接发自性而要不容已地实现出来的情。这个说法可以涵盖已经实现出来的四端,尚未实现出来但却有冲动要实现出来的道德意识,以及作为它们的支撑的戒惧之念。戒惧之念是在人的意识中持续存在的,对人的意念加以监督、调节、控制的意念。人所要做的工夫即是让意识指向它,让它逐步主导人的意识和行动,从而实现成圣的目标。
The most obvious characteristic of the philosophy of the mind is its proposal that manifestations of the entity are the entity.This scholar argues that apart from Reason (Li) and Nature (Xing) in the position of entity,the original mind,which lies on the level of manifestation,should also be seen as the entity.The original mind,according to it,is not only the transcendental ground for the emergences of moral practices,but also the normative power manifests and acts in the real world.The original mind is conscience in Wang Yangming’s sense.Conscience is the emotions (Qing) arising from Nature (Xing) that cannot stop being realized.This definition of conscience can apply to the four realized ends,the moral beliefs that haven’t been realized but eager to be realized as well as the cautious feeling that supports their realizations.The cautious feeling persists in people’s mind,manipulating,supervising and modulating people’s internal ideas.The end of doing efforts is to direct conscious activities to this cautious feeling,to render it dominate the conscious activities.And in this light,the goal of becoming a sage can be achieved.
作者
傅锡洪
FU Xihong(Boya College,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,Guangdong,China,510275)
出处
《贵州大学学报（社会科学版）》
2024年第1期11-21,共11页
Journal of Guizhou University(Social Sciences)
基金
贵州省哲学社会科学规划国学单列课题青年项目“阳明学‘四句教’与中晚明理学发展衍化研究”(19GZGX32)。
关键词
本体
良知
戒惧之念
工夫
即用是体
Entity
conscience
cautious feeling
efforts
manifestations being the entity
