摘要
针对城镇住宅量大面广、复杂多样、能效偏低且参差不齐的现况,基于类型学方法,以重庆市1950—2000年间的城镇住宅为例,采用CHAID决策树算法,按照建造年代、住宅套型和套型组合三种属性,从373例样本中归纳出围护结构的三个大类和24个子类,并构建原型的物理模型。模拟分析表明:分类评估可以更好地解释不同建筑类型冷、热负荷需求的影响因子及其显著程度,筛选出最不节能的类型及各类型最不利于节能的部位;不同类型住宅的冷、热负荷节约率取决于节能改造后不同部位的贡献度。推荐运用CHAID决策树算法对节能改造评价标准进行类型化细分,并扩展至更大区域范围的能效评估和改造潜力预测。
Urban housing stock is of large scale and diversity,with low and uneven energy efficiency.In view of this situation,this paper investigates the urban housing of Chongqing during 1950 and 2000 with the typology approach and the CHAID decision tree algorithm,summarizes three major categories and 24 subcategories of building envelopes from 373 samples according to three attributesof construction year,unit type and unit composition,and constructs physical models of the archetypes.By simulation,it shows that classified evaluation can better explain the impact factors and their significance for various types of cooling and heating load demands,contributing to screening out the types with the worst energy efficiency,and the parts of each type that are most unfavorable for energy efficiency.The saving rates of retrofit measures with different depths on cooling and heating loads also depends on the contributions of different types and their different parts.It is proposed to subdivide the evaluation standards for energy-efficiency retrofitting based on CHAID decision tree,and to extrapolate to a larger area for energy-efficiency evaluation and retrofit potential prediction.
作者
黄海静
林犀
HUANG Haijing;LIN Xi
出处
《新建筑》
2024年第1期104-109,共6页
New Architecture
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52078071)。
关键词
城镇住宅
围护结构的节能性能
建筑类型学
CHAID决策树
节能改造效果的分类评估
urban housing
energy-saving performance of building envelopes
typology approach
CHAID Decision Tree
classified evaluation of the effect of energy efficiency retrofit
