摘要
为探明春季少雨和多雨年份花前施肥对芒果成花、坐果和产量的影响及适宜的配方,以2018年为春季少雨年份、2019年为春季多雨年份,在同一果园固定位置连续开展5个花前施肥处理(F0:复合肥0.5 kg。F1:复合肥0.25 kg+鸡粪2.5 kg。F2:鸡粪5.0 kg。F_(3):复合肥0.5 kg+硫酸钾0.25 kg+尿素0.25 kg。F_(4):复合肥0.5 kg+硫酸钾0.25 kg。)对芒果成花、坐果和产量影响的田间试验。结果表明:春季少雨年份的2018年,各处理间成花率变化不显著,F_(3)和F_(4)成花率最高;F1坐果率最高,F_(4)居第2但和F_(3)差异较小;F_(3)和F_(4)产量居前2位且与其他处理差异显著。春季多雨年份的2019年,各处理间成花率相差较大,F_(4)成花率最高,而F_(3)成花率最低;F_(4)坐果率最高、F_(3)居第3位;F_(4)能显著提高产量,而F_(3)则显著降低产量。可见,春季少雨和春季多雨年份花前不同施肥配方对芒果开花、坐果和产量的影响明显不同,因此,春季少雨年份首推的施肥配方是F_(3)(复合肥0.5 kg+硫酸钾0.25 kg+尿素0.25 kg),即在施用复合肥+硫酸钾的基础上添加适量尿素;春季多雨年份推荐的施肥配方是F_(4)(复合肥0.5 kg+硫酸钾0.25 kg),而最差配方是F_(3)(复合肥0.5 kg+硫酸钾0.25 kg+尿素0.25 kg),即施用复合肥+硫酸钾即可、不宜添加尿素。
To investigate the effect and suitable fertilization formula of fertilization before flow‐ering on mango flowering,fruit setting and yield in spring of low-and high-rainfall years,a field ex‐periment was conducted in spring of the low-rainfall year(2018)and the high-rainfall year(2019)to investigate the effects of 5 treatments of fertilization before flowering(F0:compound fertilizer 0.5 kg/plant;F1:compound fertilizer 0.25 kg/plant+chicken manure 2.5 kg/plant;F2:chicken ma‐nure 2.5 kg/plant;F_(3):compound fertilizer 0.5 kg/plant+K2SO40.25 kg/plant+urea 0.25 kg/plant;F_(4):compound fertilizer 0.5 kg/plant+K2SO40.25 kg/plant)on mango flowering,fruit setting and yield in fixed locations of the same orchard.Results showed that:in the spring of low-rainfall year(2018),the change of flowering rate was not significant and the highest flowering rate was found in F_(3) or F_(4);the highest fruit setting rate was found in F1 and the second highest in F_(4) but with just a little differ‐ence between F_(4) and F_(3);yield of F_(3) and F_(4) were the top two and significantly different from other treatments.In spring of high-rainfall year(2019),the flowering rate differed greatly among the treat‐ments,F_(4) had highest flowering rate and F_(3) the lowest;F_(4) had highest fruit setting rate and F_(3) had the third;F_(4) could significantly increase the yield,while F_(3) significantly decreased the yield.The effects of different formulas of fertilization before flowering on mango flowering,fruit setting and yield were significantly different in spring of low-and high-rainfall years.Therefore,the most recom‐mended formula of fertilization before flowering is F_(3)(compound fertilizer 0.5 kg/plant+K2SO40.25 kg/plant+urea 0.25 kg/plant)in spring of low-rainfall years,which is adding urea when applying compound fertilizer+K2SO4;F_(4)(compound fertilizer 0.5 kg/plant+K2SO40.25 kg/plant)in spring of high-rainfall years but F_(3)(compound fertilizer 0.5 kg/plant+K2SO40.25 kg/plant+urea 0.25 kg/plant)is the least recommend
作者
罗慧
林凤昌
方中斌
罗俊奇
文裕
黄慧俐
李界秋
黄丞珏
钟勇
蒋强
LUO Hui;LIN Fengchang;FANG Zhongbin;LUO Junqi;WEN Yu;HUANG Huili;LI Jieqiu;HUANG Chengjue;ZHONG Yong;JIANG Qiang(Industrial Development Institute of Agri-Animal,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi 530005,China;Agricultural Service Center of Nachen Town,Liangqing District,Nanning,Guangxi 530231;Guangxi Fruit Technology Guide Station,Nanning,Guangxi 530022,China;Guangxi Vocational University of Agriculture,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China;Modern Agricultural Technology Research and Extension Center of Baise,Baise,Guangxi,533612,China)
出处
《农业研究与应用》
2023年第5期15-20,共6页
Agricultural Research and Application
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系广西芒果创新团队桂南综合试验站(nycytxgxcxtd-2021-06-04)
果树减肥减药省工省力增效栽培技术研究与示范(2021017)
广西芒果产业服务团支撑那徐乡村振兴高质量芒果产业示范基地建设(202219)
提高桂七芒果树抗御灾害性天气能力的应用基础研究(2020GXNSFAA259074)。
关键词
春季少雨
春季多雨
花前施肥
坐果
产量
Low-rainfall spring
high-rainfall spring
fertilization before flowering
fruit set‐ting
yield
