摘要
近代中国最根本的一个变化,就是王国维所说的“道出于二”。这个转变可从道器关系来考察。尽管历代主张道器不分的人都特别强调道不离器,可是起决定作用的还是形而上的道。到近代则反过来了,实际是器的胜负决定了道的优劣。道器关系的颠倒,外来冲击固然是根本性的因素,却也不无内在的发展理路。从古代侧重践履的闻道,到清代章学诚提出的道因器而显的观念,以及他反复论证的多种即器闻道的取向,在思想上成为后来变化的预备,揭示了一条认识近代道器颠覆何以发生的内在理路。
One of the most fundamental changes in modern China is what Wang Guowei called"the Tao comes out of two."This change can be examined from the relationship between the Tao and utensils.Although those who have advocated the inseparability of Tao and utensils in the past have particularly emphasized that Tao cannot be separated from the utensils,it is the metaphysical Tao that plays the decisive role.In modern times,the situation has been reversed.In fact,it is the victory or defeat of the weapon that determines the merits and drawbacks of the Tao.With regard to the reversal of the relationship between Tao and utensils,while external impact is certainly the fundamental factor,there is not without an internal developmental rationale.From the emphasis on practice in ancient times on pursuing the Tao,to the concept proposed by Zhang Xuecheng in the Qing Dynasty that the Tao is manifested by the utensils,and the multiple orientations of pursuing the Tao based on the utensils he repeatedly demonstrated,it became an ideological preparation for the subsequent changes,revealing a line of understanding the inner logic behind why the relationship between Tao and utensils is subverted in modern time.
作者
罗志田
Luo Zhitian(School of History and Culture,Sichuan University)
出处
《社会科学研究》
北大核心
2024年第2期160-172,212,共14页
Social Science Research
关键词
道
闻道
载道
器
即器存道
由器变道
Tao
Pursue the Tao
Carrying the Tao
Preserve the Tao Based on the Utensils
Changing from the Utensils to the Tao
