摘要
张謇继承了中华优秀传统文化中爱日惜时思想的精华,勉励学生要勤奋学习;他对城区妇女虚掷光阴的“赌纸牌”、“作叶子戏”行为感到惋惜,并采取措施加以救治。他辩证地看待生命的长度,强调要奋发进取、奉献社会、成就事业,在有限的岁月中努力增益生命的价值,提升人生境界层次。他顺应时代和社会发展潮流,吸收西方进化论思想和近代时间意识的合理成分,在学校、企业通过制订作息时间表、建造钟楼等方式,帮助人们确立现代时间观念,培养精细时间意识,强化守时守信习惯。他主张使用机器以节约工时,提高生产效益,发挥科学技术对生产力的促进作用,以尽快缩小与西方发达国家之间的差距,避免落后挨打、亡国灭种的厄运。但民族危机的深重和迫在眉睫也使他产生了时不我待的紧张和焦虑,导致其在企业经营和社会事业发展过程中存在急躁冒进、急于求成的心态,另外,鉴于罢课会耽误被其视为国家前途命运所系的青年学生的学业,妨碍为将来救国强国做准备,所以他对学生的罢课和游行示威持尖锐批评和强烈反对的态度。
Zhang Jian inherited the excellent traditional Chinese culture that emphasized the importance of saving time and studying hard for young students.He felt bad for urban women's behavior of wasting time in gambling cards and took measures to change it.He viewed the length of life dialectically,stressing that people should make progress,devote themselves to the society,and make life more meaningful in their limited lifetime.At the same time,he absorbed the western Darwinism and the modern time consciousness,helping people establish the scientific concept of time and strengthen their habit of punctuality and trustworthiness by building mechanic bell towers and formulating work and rest schedules in schools and enterprises.He advocated to use machines to save time and improve productivity,in order to narrow China's gap with the western developed countries as soon as possible,to avoid the fate of being subjugated.However,with the imminent national crisis in front of him,Zhang Jian worried that time waited for no man,which led to his impatience in enterprise management and social development.In addition,since strikes led by students,whom he regarded as the future of the country,would delay their study and hinder their preparation for saving the country,he was thus highly critical and opposed to strikes.
出处
《历史教学问题》
CSSCI
2023年第6期61-68,202,203,共10页
History Research And Teaching
基金
国家社科基金项目“张謇盐垦经营与苏北生态环境建设研究”(21BZS102)的阶段性成果。
