摘要
近年来,天津地区青萝卜产区出现萝卜病害新症状,当地农民称之为“黑梗病”,其发病早、蔓延快,已成为天津地区青萝卜生产上棘手难防的病害之一。为准确地鉴定诱发萝卜“黑梗病”的致病菌,明确病害种类,筛选出高效、低毒的防控药剂,调查了卫青萝卜“黑梗病”田间发生情况,通过形态学、致病性测定及分子生物学鉴定相结合的方法鉴定了“黑梗病”的致病菌属性;针对靶标病原菌,采用药剂抑菌圈法对19种药剂进行了室内毒力测定及田间药效试验。结果表明,引起当地卫青萝卜“黑梗病”的致病菌为野油菜黄单胞杆菌野油菜致病变种Xanthomonas campestris pv.campestris(Pam.)Dowson,是萝卜黑腐病的新症状表现;并且发现病原菌存在致病力分化,筛选到强致病力菌株LB-B。采用强致病力菌株LB-B,通过室内毒力测定及田间药效试验,明确了参试杀菌剂对病菌的毒力系数,其中有10种药剂对萝卜黑腐病存在不同程度的抑制作用,以0.3%四霉素水剂和10%丙硫唑悬浮剂的综合表现最好,高质量浓度1000 mg·L^(-1)对致病菌的抑菌率达89.52%以上,EC50分别为174.04 mg·L^(-1)和156.69 mg·L^(-1),田间防治效果稳定、持效期长,为萝卜黑腐病的有效防治提供了候选药剂。
In recent years,the‘black stalk disease’,a new symptom of radish,had become increasingly serious in Tianjin.The purpose of this study was to accurately identify the pathogen,and carry out fungicide toxicity test in lab for screening of high efficiency,low toxicity fungicide in the light of target pathogens.In this study,the occurrence of radish‘black stalk’in the field in Tianjin was investigated.The pathogen was identified by morphological,pathogenicity and molecular biology.Nineteen kinds of fungicides commonly used for bacterial control were selected for screening by the inhibition comparison and toxicity testing.The results showed that the pathogenic bacteria causing the‘black stem disease’of local Weiqing radish were Xanthomonas campestris pv.campestris(Pam.)Dawson,which was a new symptom of radish black rot disease.The isolated pathogenic strains exhibited pathogenicity differentiation,among which the highly pathogenic strain LB-B was selected.The results of laboratory toxicity test showed that there were 10 kinds of fungicides with different effects of inhibition on radish black rot.Among them,0.3%tetramycin AS and 10%propylthiazole SC had the best inhibition effect on radish black rot,and their inhibition rates were above 89.52%at 1000 mg·L^(-1) concentration.The EC50 of 0.3%tetramycin AS and 10%propylthiazole SC were 156.69 mg·L^(-1) and 174.04 mg·L^(-1),respectively,which showed the stable and the long duration of efficacy in the field.The above experimental results provided candidate fungicide for effective control of radish black rot disease.
作者
贲海燕
郝永娟
霍建飞
姚玉荣
高苇
于金萍
王丽
王万立
柴阿丽
李磊
李宝聚
BEN Haiyan;HAO Yongjuan;HUO Jianfei;YAO Yurong;GAO Wei;YU Jinping;WANG Li;WANG Wanli;CHAI Ali;LI Lei;LI Baoju(Institute of Plant Protection,Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tianjin 300381,China;Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding,Beijing 100081,China;Plant Protection and Inspection Department,Tianjin Agricultural Development Service Center,Tianjin 300061,China)
出处
《中国蔬菜》
北大核心
2024年第2期58-67,共10页
China Vegetables
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1401200),天津市农业科学院青年科技创新项目(2023ZYCX003),大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目(CARS-23),天津市科技计划项目(23ZYCGSN00260),天津市农业产学研用“揭榜挂帅”项目(GBGG202319)。
关键词
卫青萝卜
黑腐病
病原鉴定
毒力测定
Weiqing radish
black rot disease
pathogen identification
toxicity determination
