摘要
储罐作为存储油气资源及其产品的主要设备,一旦发生爆炸并产生破坏,罐内燃烧的液体极有可能会从破坏位置流出,进而形成流淌火,将会造成无法挽回的大规模安全事故。以立式拱顶储罐为研究对象,考虑储罐结构与内外流体间的多相耦合,建立了罐内流体-储罐-罐外流体的内爆破坏三维有限元模型,并基于指数内聚力模型失效准则对储罐材料进行描述,通过在材料中插入黏结单元的方法模拟储罐的裂口扩展过程,开展内爆载荷作用下储罐的显式动力学破坏分析。结果表明:储罐起裂位置均位于液位以上,罐体起裂速度与起爆位置呈现正相关;随着内爆载荷的持续作用,储罐裂口不断扩展延伸至液位时,其扩展速度有所减缓;满罐液位状态下储罐未产生裂口,半罐液位降至空罐液位时,储罐平均破坏比由78.8%增至88.4%,储罐破坏程度与液位高度呈现负相关;储罐偏心起爆平均破坏比较中心起爆高1.6%,即储罐偏心起爆破坏程度更严重;储罐容积由1000m^(3)增至5000m^(3)时,若液位占储罐高度低于46%,储罐平均破坏比由88.2%增至88.6%,反之,储罐平均破坏比由86.4%降至84.4%。研究结果可为储罐爆炸事故的预防以及储罐弱顶结构的补强设计提供参考依据。
As the main equipment for storing oil and gas resources and their products,if the storage tank explodes and is damaged,the burning liquid inside the tank will most likely flow out from the damage location,and if a flowing fire is formed,it will cause an irreversible large-scale safety accident.To this end,a three-dimensional finite element model of the implosion damage of the fluid inside the tank-the tank-the fluid outside the tank was established.Taking into account the multiphase coupling between the tank structure and the internal and external fluids,with a vertical vaulted storage tank as the object of study,and based on the exponential cohesion model failure criterion,the tank material was described and the crack propagation process of the tank was simulated by inserting bonded units into the material,and the explicit dynamic damage analysis of the tank under the implosion load was carried out.The results show that the tank cracking location is above the liquid level,and the tank cracking speed is positively correlated with the location of the initiation;with the continuous action of the implosion load,the fracture continues to expand,and the expansion speed slows down when the tank extends to the liquid level;no fracture is produced when the tank is full at the liquid level,and the average damage ratio increases from 78.8%to 88.4%when the tank level drops from half to empty,and the damage degree of the tank is negatively correlated with the liquid level;eccentric detonation average damage is 1.6%higher than the central detonation,that is,the eccentric detonation damage is more serious;tank volume from 1000 m^(3)to 5000m^(3),if the liquid level accounts for less than 46%of the tank height,the average damage ratio of the tank from 88.2%to 88.6%,and vice versa,the average damage ratio of the tank from 86.4%to 84.4%.The results of the study can provide a reference for the prevention of tank explosions and the design of reinforcement for weak tank roof structures.
作者
芦烨
邹士瑶
丁宇奇
杨明
李晓琳
尹青锋
卢宏
LU Ye;ZOU Shiyao;DING Yuqi;YANG Ming;LI Xiaolin;YIN Qingfeng;LU Hong(College of Mechanical Science and Engineering,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing 163318,China;Sinopec Engineering Incorporation,Beijing 100101,China)
出处
《安全与环境工程》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期75-87,共13页
Safety and Environmental Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3001202)
黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2022A003)
黑龙江省博士后科研启动基金项目(LBHQ20082)。
关键词
储罐
内爆破坏
显式动力学
裂口扩展
storage tank
implosion damage
explicit dynamics
crack propagation
