摘要
为降低流程行业安全事故发生的概率,综合运用系统思维、对应分析和案例分析相结合的方法识别了流程行业安全事故的关键致因因素,并提出了有针对性的安全管理监控方案。首先基于系统思维构建了包含人因、设备、环境和控制方法4个子系统的流程行业安全事故致因系统;然后运用对应分析方法确定了流程行业安全事故致因因素与事故等级、事故类型、事故发生行业之间的关联度;最后结合我国某石化公司重大爆炸着火事故案例,验证了该事故致因系统和对应分析结果的合理性。结果表明:监控过程中需要重点关注电火花、环境温度、原料控制、冲料现象、设备堵塞、可燃气体等致因因素,并采用视频监控和传感器等智能化技术手段对人因、设备和环境子系统实施监测与预警。该监控策略对事故预防具有参考价值,有助于推动流程行业生产安全智能监测的发展。
In order to reduce the probability of safety accidents in the process industry,the key causal factors of safety accidents in the process industry and targeted monitoring programmes for security management are identified with combination of systems thinking,correspondence analysis and case study methods.Firstly,systems thinking was applied to build a process industry accident causation system that includes four subsystems:human,equipment,environment and control method subsystems.Then,correlations between causal factors and accident levels,accident types,and industries in which the accidents occurred were determined using correspondence analysis.Finally,combined with a major explosion and fire accident in a domestic petrochemical company,the reasonableness of the accident causation system and the corresponding analysis results were verified.The results show that the monitoring process needs to focus on casual factors such as electric sparks,ambient temperature,raw material control,punching phenomenon,equipment clogging and combustible gases.Moreover,intelligent technological means such as video surveillance and sensors are used to implement monitoring and early warning of human,equipment and environmental subsystems.The monitoring strategy is informative for accident prevention and helps to promote the development of intelligent monitoring of production safety in the process industry.
作者
钟化雨
张伟
师玉栋
赵挺生
ZHONG Huayu;ZHANG Wei;SHI Yudong;ZHAO Tingsheng(Civil Engineering and Mechanics,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)
出处
《安全与环境工程》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期9-16,共8页
Safety and Environmental Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB3301100)。
关键词
流程行业
安全事故
系统思维
致因系统
对应分析
案例分析
监控策略
process industry
safety accident
systems thinking
causation system
correspondence analysis
case analysis
monitoring strategy
