摘要
为确定香蕉适宜机械化操作的种植密度和行距配置,采用裂区试验设计,以种植密度(P,P1:2190株/hm^(2);P2:2340株/hm^(2);P3:2520株/hm^(2))为主区,行距(R,R1:宽行5.10 m+窄行1.00 m;R2:宽行4.80 m+窄行1.30 m;R3:宽行4.50 m+窄行1.60 m)为裂区,探讨不同种植密度和行距配置对香蕉农艺性状、产量及品质的影响。结果表明:R能显著影响香蕉株高和茎围,P和R对香蕉单产、总产量均有显著影响,P1、P2香蕉单产较P3分别显著提高10.29%、10.88%,P2总产量较P1显著提高6.62%;R3单产、总产量最高,R1单产、总产量最低。分析产量构成可知,R3能提高香蕉商品蕉采收率;P1、P2单果质量较P3显著提高,R3单果质量较R1、R2分别显著提高21.23%、4.44%。P1果指长较P3显著提高,R2、R3间果指长、果指围显著高于R1。P和R对果实可溶性固形物含量均无显著影响。P3可滴定酸含量较P1、P2显著提高,P1、P2的维生素C含量分别较P3显著提高19.38%、15.78%;R3较R1显著提高维生素C含量8.77%。综上所述,宝岛蕉品种种植密度为2340株/hm^(2),宽行4.50 m、窄行1.60 m时,香蕉农艺性状、产量、商品蕉采收率、单果质量、可溶性固形物及维生素C含量最高。
In order to determine the planting density and row spacing configuration suitable for mechanized cultivation of banana,a split-plot experimental design was used with planting density(P,P1:2,190 plants·hm^(-2),P2:2,340 plants·hm^(-2),P3:2,520 plants·hm^(-2))as main plot,and the row space(R,R1:5.10 m wide row and 1.00 m narrow row;R2:4.80 m wide row and 1.30 m narrow row;R3:4.50 m wide row and 1.60 m narrow row)as split plot.The effects of different planting density and row spacing configuration on agronomic traits,yield and quality of banana were measured.The results showed that R could significantly affect the plant height and stem circumference of banana.P and R had significant effects on yield per plant and total yield of banana.The yield per plant of P1 and P2 was significantly higher than that of P3 by 10.29%and 10.88%,respectively,and the total yield of P2 was significantly higher than that of P1 by 6.62%.R3 had the highest yields of per plant and total yield,and R1 had the lowest yields of per plant and total yield.Analysis of the yield composition indicated that R3 can improve the commercial harvest rate of banana.Single fruit weights of P1 and P2 were significantly higher than that of P3,and the single fruit weight of R3 was significantly higher than that of R1 and R2 by 21.23%and 4.44%,respectively.The fruit finger length of P1 was significantly higher than that of P3,and the fruit finger length and fruit finger circumference of R2 and R3 were significantly higher than those of R1.P and R had no significant effect on fruit soluble solids.The titratable acid content of P3 was significantly higher than that of P1 and P2,and contents of the vitamin C of P1 and P2 were significantly higher than that of P3 by 19.38%and 15.78%,respectively.R3 significantly increased vitamin C content by 8.77%compared with R1.In summary,when the planting density of Baodao banana was 2,340 plants/hm^(2),and the wide row was 4.50 m and the narrow row was 1.60 m,the agronomic traits,yield,commercial harvest rate,single fruit we
作者
黄丽娜
程世敏
赵增贤
魏军亚
魏守兴
HUANG Lina;CHENG Shimin;ZHAO Zengxian;WEI Junya;WEI Shouxing(Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/National Tropical Fruit Variety Improvement Center/Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Creation,South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hainan Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Tropical Crop Resources,Haikou,Hainan,571101,China)
出处
《中国南方果树》
北大核心
2024年第1期60-66,73,共8页
South China Fruits
基金
海南省自然科学基金项目(No.320RC724)
国家香蕉产业技术体系儋州综合试验站(No.CARS32-16)资助。
关键词
香蕉
种植密度
行距
产量
品质
宜机化栽培
banana
planting density
row space
yield
quality
cultivation suitable for mechanized
