摘要
为筛选出适宜南疆无地膜机采棉花的合理株行距配置,本试验以中619为供试品种,在幅宽2.28 m机采棉种植模式下,设置3种株行距配置,依次为D1(一幅三行,76 cm等行距,株距7 cm)、D2(一幅四行,行距为70 cm+12 cm+70 cm,平均行距57 cm,株距10 cm)、D3(一幅六行,行距为10 cm+66 cm+10 cm+66 cm+10 cm,平均行距38 cm,株距14.6 cm),研究不同株行距配置对南疆无地膜棉花农艺和产量性状的影响。结果表明:棉花株高、主茎日增长量、茎粗随着行距增大呈增加趋势;中部叶面积指数,D1较D3处理高43.11%。各处理光分布均呈“V”型曲线,不同处理间差异显著,D1处理光照度最大,D2次之,D3最小。综合棉铃横向和纵向分布来看,D2处理棉铃空间分布最合理,对增加群体产量效果明显;棉铃纵向表现为中部铃>上部铃>下部铃,中部铃在群体产量形成中作用较大;棉铃横向分布表现为内围铃>外围铃,产量主要来源于内围铃。D2处理产量(5 528.75 kg·hm^(-2))显著高于D1(5 064.57 kg·hm^(-2))和D3处理(4 798.98 kg·hm^(-2))。综上,南疆无地膜棉花在一幅四行的株行距配置下,株型及冠层结构较优,产量最高。
In order to screen out the reasonable plant and row spacing configuration suitable for machine-harvested cotton without plastic film in southern Xinjiang,this experiment was conducted with Zhong 619 as test material by setting different plant and row spacing configuration treatments under the machine-harvested mode with the piece width as 2.28 m.Three plant and row spacing configurations were designed,which were D1(one piece of three rows,equal row spacing of 76 cm,plant spacing at 7 cm),D2(one piece of four rows with row spacing as 70 cm+12 cm+70 cm,average row spacing at 57 cm,plant spacing at 10 cm)and D3(one piece of six rows with row spacing as 10 cm+66 cm+10 cm+66 cm+10 cm,average row spacing at 38 cm,plant spacing at 14.6 cm).Their effects on agronomic and yield traits of film-free cotton in southern Xin-jiang were studied.The results showed that the plant height,daily growth of stem and stem diameter of cotton increased with the increase of row spacing.The leaf area index of middle part under D1 treatment was 43.11%higher than that under D3 treatment.The light distribution of every treatment showed as a“V”type curve,and there were significant differences between different treatments.The illumination under D1 treatment was the largest,followed by D2 treatment,and that of D3 treatment was the smallest.From the horizontal and ver-tical distribution,the spatial distribution of cotton bolls under D2 treatment was the most reasonable,which had obvious effect on increasing population yield;the vertical distribution of cotton bolls showed as middle bolls>upper bolls>lower bolls,and the middle bolls played a greater role in the formation of population yield;the horizontal distribution of cotton bolls showed that the inner bolls were more than the outer bolls,and the yield mainly came from the inner bolls.The yield of D2 treatment(5528.75 kghm^(-2))was significantly higher than that of D1 treatment(5064.57 kghm^(-2))and D3 treatment(4798.98 kghm^(-2)).In summary,the plant type and canopy structure of cotton wit
作者
郭子轩
胡强
毛廷勇
万素梅
林皎
张变兄
李田甜
周均
陈国栋
Xinjiang Guo Zixuan;Hu Qiang;Mao Tingyong;Wan Sumei;Lin Jiao;Zhang Bianxiong;Li Tiantian;Zhou Jun;Chen Guodong(College of Biological and Geographical Sciences,Yili Normal University,Yining 835000,China;Institute of Resources and Ecology,Yili Normal University,Yining 835000,China;College of Agriculture,Tarim University,Alar 843300,China;Kashgar Customs Technical Center,Kashgar 844000,China)
出处
《山东农业科学》
北大核心
2023年第12期42-49,共8页
Shandong Agricultural Sciences
基金
棉花生物学国家重点实验室开放课题(CB2022A21)
塔里木大学校长基金项目(TDZKSS202201)。
关键词
无地膜棉花
株行距配置
农艺性状
冠层
棉铃空间分布
产量
Film-free cotton
Plant and row spacing configuration
Agronomic traits
Canopy
Spatial distribution of cotton bolls
Yield
