摘要
[目的]为更准确判断地铁站火灾人员能否安全疏散,及时发现并避免人员走进危险区域,为人员安全疏散提供有效措施建议。[方法]在综合分析可用安全疏散时间和必需安全疏散时间的基础上,提出基于实时关键性指标验证的人员安全疏散分析方法。以上海轨道交通15号线某地铁站为例,利用PyroSim火灾模拟仿真软件得到火灾模拟结果,确定地铁站各关键位置的可用安全疏散时间。同时,使用Pathfinder人员疏散仿真软件获取人员疏散结果,确定各关键位置的必需安全疏散时间。通过比较各关键位置的可用安全疏散时间和必需安全疏散时间,初步确定人员安全疏散情况。此外,通过测量选定人员在整个疏散过程中自身位置实时的温度、能见度和FED(有效剂量分数)三个关键性指标,验证人员安全疏散情况。[结果及结论]结果表明:通过各关键位置必需安全疏散时间小于可用安全疏散时间的判定标准,可以确定人员安全疏散存在误差,基于实时关键性指标验证的方法可以使判断更为准确。该方法可以及时发现人员是否走进危险区域,并结合人员的整个疏散过程为地铁站火灾人员安全疏散提供指导性的措施建议。
[Objective]The objective is to accurately assess whether individuals can safely evacuate during a metro station fire,promptly identify and prevent people from entering hazardous areas,providing effective measures and suggestions for personnel safe evacuation.[Method]Building on a comprehensive analysis of ASET(available safe evacuation time)and RSET(required safe evacuation time),a method for analyzing personnel safe evacuation based on real-time key indicators is proposed.Taking a metro station of Shanghai Rail Transit Line 15 as example,PyroSim fire simulation software is employed to obtain fire simulation results,determining the ASET at critical locations in the metro station.Simultaneously,Pathfinder personnel evacuation simulation software is used to obtain personnel evacuation results,determining the RSET at critical locations.By comparing the ASET and RSET at each critical location,the situation of personnel evacuation is preliminarily assessed.Additionally,by measuring three key indicators of real-time temperature,visibility and FED(fractional effective dose)at selected locations throughout the evacuation process,the safety of personnel evacuation is verified.[Result&Conclusion]By the criterion that RSET is less than ASET at critical locations,it can be determined that there is an error in personnel evacuation safety.The method based on real-time key indicator validation provides a more accurate judgment.This approach allows for timely identification of individuals entering hazardous areas,and takes into account the entire evacuation process,offering instructive measures and suggestions for personnel safe evacuation in metro station fire.
作者
罗佳程
钱雪军
LUO Jiacheng;QIAN Xuejun(College of Electronic and Information Engineering,Tongji University,201804,Shanghai,China)
出处
《城市轨道交通研究》
北大核心
2024年第1期185-189,195,共6页
Urban Mass Transit
