摘要
在我国老龄化程度日益加深以及数字信息技术不断更新的背景下,测度老年数字鸿沟水平并探索内在影响机制,对缓解老年人的数字融入困境、实施积极应对人口老龄化战略具有重要意义。文章基于2021~2022年在陕西、河南、山东和吉林四省的“健康老龄化与智慧养老”专项调查数据,构建评价指标体系对老年人的接入沟、使用沟与知识沟进行测度,利用回归模型分析养老资本对老年数字鸿沟的影响,并检验老年人数字学习内生动力的中介效应。研究发现,超过四成受访老年人未使用智能手机,其中63.92%为农村老年人,使用智能手机老年人的使用沟得分均值(0.580)高于知识沟(0.407)。养老资本各维度指标对老年人的接入沟和使用沟均具有显著优化效果,而仅有人力资本和社会资本对老年人知识沟的优化效果更显著,控制变量中的男性、低龄与城市地区的老年人数字鸿沟更小。内生动力在养老资本与老年数字鸿沟的关系间起到显著的中介效应且其在不同维度养老资本上的表现不一致,使用沟与社会资本间的中介效应比例最高(20.14%),知识沟与健康资本间的中介效应比例最高(43.76%)。由此,文章在老年人的数字接入与社会支持方面提出建议,应统筹碎片化的数字接入支持力量,丰富数字技能教育和培训;建立年龄友好型社会,激发老年人数字学习的内生动力。
Under the background of the deepening population aging degree and the continuous updating of digital in⁃formation technology in China,it is of great significance to measure the level of the elderly digital divide and explore the internal influence mechanism to alleviate the digital integration dilemma of the elderly and to implement the nation⁃al strategy to actively cope with population aging.Based on the special survey data of“Healthy Aging and Smart Pen⁃sion”in Shaanxi,Henan,Shandong and Jilin Provinces from 2021 to 2022,this research measured the access gap,us⁃age gap and knowledge gap of the elderly by constructing index systems,analyzed the impact of endowment capital on the elderly digital divide by using regression models,and examined the mediating effects about the endogenous motiva⁃tion of digital learning for the elderly.The research found that:More than 40%of the interviewed elderly did not use smart phones,of which 63.92%were rural elderly,and the average usage gap of the elderly using smart phones(0.580)was higher than the knowledge gap(0.407).The indicators of various dimensions of endowment capital have a significant optimization effect on the access and use gap of the elderly,while the optimization effect of human capital and social capital on the knowledge gap of the elderly is more significant.The digital divide between male elderly,young elderly and the rural elderly were smaller.Endogenous motivation produced significant mediation effect in the re⁃lationship between endowment capital and the elderly digital divide,and the mediating effects on endowment capital in different dimensions were inconsistent.Among various endowment capital,the mediating effect between the usage gap and social capital was the highest(20.14%),and the mediating effect between knowledge gap and healthy capital was the highest(43.76%).Therefore,this paper makes recommendations on digital access and social support for older peo⁃ple.Coordinate the power of fragmented digital access support and enrich educ
作者
韦艳
杨丽红
郭歆宇
WEI Yan;YANG Li-hong;GUO Xin-yu(School of Statistics,Xi’an University of Finance and Economics,Xi’an Shaanxi,710100,China)
出处
《西北人口》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第1期59-73,共15页
Northwest Population Journal
基金
国家社科基金项目:数字乡村建设对农村智慧养老服务体系的影响及优化路径研究(23BRK011)。
关键词
老年数字鸿沟
养老资本
内生动力
中介效应
Elderly Digital Divide
Endowment Capital
Endogenous Motivation
Mediating Effects
