摘要
种间相互作用,包括竞争、捕食和寄生等,对动物种群动态的调控具有重要影响(Akçakaya et al.,2019;Mittelbach and McGill,2019)。当具有相似生态习性的物种同域分布,并且空间和食物等必要生存资源有限时,就可能发生种间竞争,进而导致其生态位的分化。种间竞争包括两种主要形式,即利用型竞争(exploitation competition)和干涉型竞争(interference competition)(Dhondt,2012;Chen et al.,2020)。同一资源对两种动物都非常重要,但两者竞争过程中不发生直接冲突,表现为利用型竞争;一种动物借助于行为干扰另一种动物使其得不到资源,且发生直接冲突,则为干涉型竞争(Kro‐nfeld-Schor and Dayan,2003;Dhondt,2012)。这些竞争关系可能影响物种种群的稳定,或者使物种对资源的利用发生转变以避免竞争,从而实现长期共存(Mittelbach and McGill,2019)。
Understanding the pattern and the process of interspecific competition among sympatric animals is important,as interspecific competition is a key factor limiting population increase and is of great significance for conservation management.Hainan gibbon(Nomascus hainanus)is one of the most endangered primates in the world,currently distributed only in the Bawangling area of National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest,Hainan,China.Rhesus macaque(Macaca mulatta)population,a common species in this area,is growing rapidly in recent years,which may lead to interspecific competition with Hainan gibbons.In this study,we used focal animal sampling and whole-event recording methods to investigate the conflict behavior between one gibbon group(Group E)and one macaque group.Based on the observation of individuals and food patches,we inferred the recorded conflict behavior between these two species was a case of interference competition.Our results provided an important case for understanding the processes and mechanisms of primate interspecific relationships.This study emphasizes that the effects of interspecific competition should be fully recognized in the conservation management of endangered species.
作者
蔡成林
柳帅
李萍
齐旭明
周照骊
陈远
龙文兴
CAI Chenglin;LIU Shuai;LI Ping;QI Xuming;ZHOU Zhaoli;CHEN Yuan;LONG Wenxing(School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;School of Ecology and Environment,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;Institute of Forest Ecology Environment and Nature Conservation,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Bawangling Branch of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park Administration,Changjiang 572700,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Civilization,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)
出处
《兽类学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期129-134,共6页
Acta Theriologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金重点项目(U22A20503)
海南大学科研启动基金项目(KYQD(ZR)23110)。
关键词
海南长臂猿
猕猴
种间竞争
干涉型竞争
同域分布
Nomascus hainanus
Macaca mulatta
Interspecific competition
Interference competition
Sympatry
