摘要
数字化转型作为企业未来发展的新动能,其是否能够提高企业劳动收入份额,优化内部收入分配格局仍存在争议。为厘清二者之间的作用关系,需要在从理论上廓清数字化转型影响企业劳动收入份额的经济逻辑的基础上,利用2012—2020年中国沪深A股上市公司数据进行实证检验。研究发现:数字化转型从整体上提升了企业劳动收入份额,实现了“分好蛋糕”的目标;数字化转型通过工资率和劳动生产率影响劳动收入份额,且对工资率的影响大于对劳动生产率的影响,从而产生数字化转型提高企业劳动收入份额的净效应;数字化转型能够提高企业增加值,实现“做大蛋糕”的目标;与劳动密集型企业相比,资本技术密集型企业的数字化转型对劳动收入份额的提升作用更大;与非国有上市公司相比,国有上市公司的数字化转型对劳动收入份额的影响程度有所下降,主要原因在于国有企业对社会责任的特殊承担。通过揭示数字化转型影响劳动收入份额的内在机理,可以为二者之间作用关系的争议提供微观层面的实证依据,也为数字经济背景下企业如何兼顾效率与公平,实现共同富裕提供有益的政策启示。
As a new driving force for the future development of enterprises,whether digital transformation can increase the labor income share of enterprises and optimize the internal income distribution pattern is still controversial.In order to clarify the relationship between them and consolidate the foundation of common prosperity,this paper discusses the economic logic of digital transformation affecting the labor income share of enterprises on the theoretical basis,and the study uses the data of A-share listed companies in China from 2012 to 2020 to conduct empirical tests.Findings are as follows.(1)Digital transformation has improved the labor income share of enterprises,and this achieved the goal of“sharing the cake”.Digital transformation has an impact on both labor productivity and wage rate.At present,the wage rate effect is the most important factor influencing the impact of digital transformation on the labor income share of enterprises.(2)The digital transformation of enterprises hinders the increase of labor income share through the productivity effect,but it promotes labor income through the wage rate effect.Moreover,the wage rate effect generated by digital transformation outweighs the productivity benefit,indicating the net effect of digital transformation on increasing the labor income share inside enterprises.(3)Digital transformation can significantly increase the value added of enterprises,which eliminates the possibility that the rising labor cost caused by the increase in labor income share will have a negative impact on the future development of enterprises,and has also achieved the goal of“making a big cake”within enterprises.(4)The unskilled labor in labor-intensive enterprises accounts for a relatively high proportion,which has a significant employment substitution effect as a result of digital transformation,and it will have a restraining effect on the increase of their internal labor income share.Therefore,the digital transformation of capital-and technology-intensive enterprises plays
作者
廖红伟
王馨悦
Liao Hongwei;Wang Xinyue(Center for China Public Sector Economy Research,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,P.R.China;School of Economics,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,P.R.China)
出处
《山东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第1期136-149,共14页
Journal of Shandong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
基金
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“中国式现代化道路中的国有资本功能定位与作用担当研究”(22JJD790026)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“中国式现代化道路中的国有企业角色与作用研究”(2022CXTD26)
吉林大学基本科研业务费专项“中国式现代化道路中的国有资本功能与实现路径研究”(2022ESD02)。
关键词
数字化转型
劳动收入份额
劳动生产率
工资率
Digital transformation
Labor income share
Labor productivity
Wage rate
