摘要
智能化转型不仅是当前制造业面临的重大变革,也是世界各国产业升级的主要趋势,更是绿色生产的重要渠道之一。区别于现有文献侧重于分析工业机器人应用的经济效应,文章旨在研究工业机器人应用对企业污染物排放行为的影响。基于局部均衡模型推导出工业机器人应用对企业污染物排放量的影响及其机理,并进行实证验证。研究结果表明,企业应用工业机器人能够通过全要素生产率和能源利用效率两条途径实现减排效应;工业机器人应用可以促使企业提高清洁生产水平,但对其终端治理能力的提升作用有限;同时,工业机器人类型、企业劳动力密集度、行业竞争度以及污染或能耗强度也会对工业机器人应用的减排效应产生异质性影响。研究结论为推进中国制造业智能化转型以实现经济增长与环境保护协同发展提供了理论支撑和经验证据。
Intelligent transformation is not only a significant revolution faced by the manufacturing industry at present,but also the main trend of industrial upgrading worldwide.As a typical representative of intelligent transformation,industrial robots'large-scale applications can drive enterprises to improve production methods and enhance production efficiency,which is also an important channel for green production.This paper first constructs a partial equilibrium model to deduce the direction and mechanism of the impact of industrial robot applications on pollutant emissions by enterprises.Based on this,it takes industrial enterprises above designated size from2000 to 2014 as the research object,uses industrial robot import data to measure the usage of industrial robots,and empirically tests the predictive conclusions of the theoretical model.The results confirm that the application of industrial robots in enterprises can achieve the emission reduction effect through the two mechanisms of TFP and energy utilization efficiency.Further research indicates that industrial robot applications can improve the production process of enterprises and encourage them to enhance their level of cleaner production,but their impact on terminal governance capabilities is limited,and the application of material handling robots does not lead to the emission reduction effect.Additionally,the emission reduction effect of industrial robot applications has a greater impact on higher labor-intensive enterprises and industries with higher competitiveness,higher pollution,or higher energy consumption.This paper reveals a new path for balanced development between economic growth and pollution reduction.
作者
李卫兵
李铭洋
Li Weibing;Li Mingyang(School of Economics,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Hubei Wuhan 430074,China)
出处
《上海财经大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第6期88-103,共16页
Journal of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics
基金
国家社会科学一般基金项目“城镇化高质量发展的时空演化机制与空间路径研究”(20BJY071)。
关键词
工业机器人
减排效应
全要素生产率
能源利用效率
清洁生产
industrial robots
emission reduction effect
TFP
energy utilization efficiency
cleaner production
