摘要
目的明确某部装备物理环境及长时作业军人睡眠节律规律,为相关作业效能保障提升技术奠定基础。方法采用自制问卷调查不同作业时期军人舒适性影响因素及保障需求,以噪声、温湿度、照度等参数评估装备长时作业物理环境状况,采用慕尼黑睡眠时型问卷(MCTQ)填写、体温监测的方式调查军人睡眠节律状况。结果设备噪声、密闭空间、昼夜颠倒等因素对军人作业舒适性影响较大;某部装备长时作业各舱内环境噪声强度为50.0~72.5 dB(A),频谱范围主要为200 Hz以下的低频噪声;环境温度为22.2~36.0℃,相对湿度为42.6%~73.3%,照度为3.6~1092 lx;军人社会性时差均值为(1.56±2.39)h;军人在作业前期体温呈明显的睡眠节律性,作业中期睡眠节律性降低,作业后期睡眠节律性趋近于无。结论军事作业中期军人睡眠节律发生紊乱,且随着作业时间延长而逐渐加重,较高强度噪声等不良物理环境可能是重要影响因素。
Objective To find out about the physical environments of operations and the sleep rhythms of soldiers who work for a long period of time in order to improve efficiency and related technology.Methods A self⁃designed question⁃naire was used to investigate the determinants of comfort and needs of soldiers for protection in different periods of operations.The physical environment condition of long⁃term working equipment was evaluated by using parameters of noise,temperature,humidity and illumination.The Munich Chronotype Questionnaire(MCTQ)and temperature monitoring were used to investigate the sleep rhythms of soldiers.Results The factors such as equipment noise,confined spaces,and shift work have the most significant impacts on the personnel comfort during military operations.The ambient noise intensity of the equipment in each cabin during long⁃term operations was 50.0-72.5 dB(A),and the spectrum range was mainly low⁃frequency noise below 200 Hz.The ambient temperature was 22.2-36.0℃,relative humidity was 42.6-73.3%and illumination was 3.6-1092 lx.The mean value of social jetlag was(1.56±2.39)h.During the early stage of operations,the body temperature of soldiers showed obvious sleep rhythms,which decreased during the middle stage and tended to disappear during the late stage.Conclusion The sleep rhythm of these soldiers is disrupted during the middle stage and aggravates with the extension of the operations.Adverse physical environments such as high intensity noise may be an important influencing factor.
作者
胡俊杰
朱英文
付波
王静
王奉寒
宋明箫
崔博
HU Junjie;ZHU Yingwen;FU Bo;WANG Jing;WANG Fenghan;SONG Mingxiao;CUI Bo(Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine,Academy of Military Medical Sciences,Academy of Military Sciences,Tianjin 300050,China;Unit 92474 of the Chinese People's Liberation Army,Sanya,Hainan 572000,China;Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin 300050,China)
出处
《军事医学》
CAS
CSCD
2023年第11期801-804,共4页
Military Medical Sciences
关键词
装备
长时作业
物理环境
睡眠节律
噪声
equipment
long⁃term operation
physical environment
sleep rhythm
noise
