摘要
为研究江汉平原荆门地区耕地不同利用方式土壤质量,以水田(水稻田、油稻田、麦稻田)、旱地土壤为研究对象,测定土壤有机质、全量氮磷钾硫、速效磷钾和重金属As、Cd、Cr、Hg、Ni、Pb等15个指标,采用因子分析确定权重并以间距法进行肥力综合评价,以内梅罗综合指数法进行土壤环境质量综合评价,两者叠加构造矩阵进行土壤质量综合评价。结果表明:耕地土壤肥力总体较好,土壤肥力综合指数为4.45,以二等和三等为主,各养分指标含量中等及以上均超过60%,不同耕地利用方式土壤肥力不同,以油稻田最高,麦稻田次之,水稻田和旱地最低;耕地土壤环境质量较好,以清洁为主,不同耕地利用方式土壤环境不同,油稻田和麦稻田无轻度及以上污染,旱地有1.25%轻度污染,水田有1.27%中度污染,主要污染贡献为Cd和Hg。综合评价显示研究区耕地土壤质量较好,中等以上耕地占比98.93%,且以油稻田和麦稻田中等以上占比最高。
Soil quality of farmlands under different use patterns was assessed in Jingmen City of Jianghan Plan,Hubei Province in order to instruct scientific utilization and rational fertilization.In total,364 soil samples were collected from 158 rice fields,24 rape-rice fields,18 wheat-ricer fields and 80 dry lands,soil indexes were measured,including the contents of organic matter,total nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and sulphur,the contents of available nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,and the contents of heavy metals(As,Cd,Cr,Hg,Ni and Pb),the weights of soil indexes were decided through factor analysis,and soil comprehensive fertility index was calculated,soil comprehensive environment quality was assessed by Nemerow integrated pollution index method,and then soil comprehensive equality was evaluated by superimposing soil comprehensive fertility index and comprehensive environment quality.The results showed that soil comprehensive fertility index was 4.45,mainly in the 2nd and 3rd grades,more than 60%of the farmlands were in the medium and above grades in each soil index.Soil fertility was different under various land use patterns,with rape-rice field being the highest,followed by wheat-rice field,and rice fields and dry land being the lowest.Soil environmental quality was generally good,mainly in the clean grade,but which were various under different use patterns,no pollution in rape-rice fields,while 1.25%of dry lands was in light pollution and 1.27%of rice fields in medium pollution,which were mainly caused by Cd and Hg.The comprehensive evaluation showed that soil quality of farmlands in the study area generally was good,with 98.93%of the farmlands were above the middle level,and rape-rice field and wheat-rice field had the highest proportion above the middle level.
作者
段碧辉
孙奥
王芳
赵敏
杨军
项剑桥
DUAN Bihui;SUN Ao;WANG Fang;ZHAO Min;YANG Jun;XIANG Jianqiao(Hubei Institute of Geosciences,Wuhan 430034,China)
出处
《土壤》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期1371-1379,共9页
Soils
基金
湖北省地质局项目(MSDZ202107、MSDZ202301)
湖北省长江经济带耕地质量地球化学评价项目(HBECC-ZB-ZC21055)资助。
关键词
耕地利用方式
土壤肥力
土壤环境
土壤质量
综合评价
Cultivated land use patterns
Soil fertility
Soil environment
Soil quality
Comprehensive evaluation
